Journal
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
Volume 11, Issue 6, Pages 2623-2633Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c06911
Keywords
Li-ion batteries; silicon; graphite anode; macroporous structure; incipient wetness impregnation; cross-linked polymer; artificial SEI; cycle stability; lithium plating
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A polymeric artificial solid-electrolyte interphase (A-SEI) is successfully coated inside the porous architecture of silicon/graphite composite using an incipient wetness impregnation (IWI) method. This polymer coating enhances the long-cycle stability of the electrode and prevents the formation of a thick natural solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI). It also improves the safety of the battery by preventing dendritic lithium plating.
Porous architectures for silicon/graphite (Si/Gr) composites can buffer the massive volume expansion of Si particles during electrochemical cycling. However, the large surface area derived from the high porosity leads to unavoidable side reactions at the electrode-electrolyte interface, leading to the formation of thick resistive natural solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI). Herein, a simple and scalable route is developed for coating a polymeric artificial SEI (A-SEI) inside the porous architecture for the Si/Gr composite via a facile incipient wetness impregnation (IWI) method. Cross-sectional focused ion beam microscopic results infer that the polymer coating is successful. Polymer coating for the porous matrix as A-SEI induces sufficient porosity as well as prevents excessive electrolyte penetration into the highly porous matrix. Furthermore, it prevents the direct contact of active materials with electrolytes, minimizing the parasitic reactions that form natural SEIs. Consequently, the polymer coating obtained by IWI enables remarkable enhancement in the long-cycle stability of the porous Si/Gr electrode, in contrast to the nonimpregnated electrode displaying capacity roll-over due to excessive SEI formation. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the coating effectively prevents the formation of dendritic lithium plating on the surface of the Si/Gr electrode, thereby enhancing the safety of the battery.
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