A Review of Membrane-Based Desalination Systems Powered by Renewable Energy Sources

The rising demand for clean water and the environmental challenges associated with fossil fuels have encouraged the application of renewable and greener energy systems in desalination. Moreover, the small footprint and high productivity favored the membrane-based process in the water industry. In the past few decades, noticeable work has been performed on the development and applicability of membrane-based desalination processes powered by renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, tidal, and geothermal. Several integrated membrane desalination processes for producing clean water with sustainable and clean energy are introduced. This review details the source and performance efficiencies of existing renewable energy technologies and their application in membrane-based desalination processes, with a special focus on current advancements and challenges. This study reviews the interconnections between water, energy, and the environment and explores future energy-efficient desalination options for energy savings and environmental protection.

Automated summary

The increasing demand for clean water and the environmental issues related to fossil fuels have led to the adoption of renewable and greener energy systems in desalination. Membrane-based processes have gained popularity in the water industry due to their small footprint and high productivity. In recent years, significant research has focused on the development and implementation of membrane-based desalination processes powered by renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, tidal, and geothermal. This review explores the integration of renewable energy technologies with membrane-based desalination and discusses current advancements and challenges, emphasizing the interconnections between water, energy, and the environment.