Multicomponent Nanoparticles Synergistic One-Dimensional Nanofibers as Heterostructure Absorbers for Tunable and Efficient Microwave Absorption

Application of novel radio technologies and equipment inevitably leads to electromagnetic pollution. One-dimensional polymer-based composite membrane structures have been shown to be an effective strategy to obtain high-performance microwave absorbers. Herein, we reported a one-dimensional N-doped carbon nanofibers material which encapsulated the hollow Co3SnC0.7 nanocubes in the fiber lumen by electrospinning. Space charge stacking formed between nanoparticles can be channeled by longitudinal fibrous structures. The dielectric constant of the fibers is highly related to the carbonization temperature, and the great impedance matching can be achieved by synergetic effect between Co3SnC0.7 and carbon network. At 800 & DEG;C, the necklace-like Co3SnC0.7/CNF with 5% low load achieves an excellent RL value of - 51.2 dB at 2.3 mm and the effective absorption bandwidth of 7.44 GHz with matching thickness of 2.5 mm. The multiple electromagnetic wave (EMW) reflections and interfacial polarization between the fibers and the fibers internal contribute a major effect to attenuating the EMW. These strategies for regulating electromagnetic performance can be expanded to other electromagnetic functional materials which facilitate the development of emerging absorbers.

Automated summary

In this study, a one-dimensional N-doped carbon nanofibers material encapsulating hollow Co3SnC0.7 nanocubes was successfully synthesized using electrospinning. The resulting fibers exhibited excellent microwave absorption properties due to the space charge stacking effect and impedance matching between Co3SnC0.7 and carbon network. The strategies for regulating electromagnetic performance in this study can be further extended to develop emerging absorbers using other electromagnetic functional materials.