New thioxothiazolidinyl-acetamides derivatives as potent urease inhibitors: design, synthesis, in vitro inhibition, and molecular dynamic simulation

To identify potent urease inhibitors, in the current study, a series of thioxothiazolidinyl-acetamides were designed and synthesized. The prepared compounds were characterized by spectroscopic techniques, including FTIR, (HNMR)-H-1, (CNMR)-C-13, and elemental analysis. In the enzymatic assessments, it was demonstrated that all derivatives had significant urease inhibition with IC50 values in the range of 1.473-9.274 mu M in comparison with the positive control hydroxyurea (IC50 = 100.21 +/- 2.5 mu M) and thiourea (IC50 = 23.62 +/- 0.84 mu M). Compound 6i (N-benzyl-3-butyl-4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidine-5-carboxamide) was the most active agent with an IC50 value of 1.473 mu M. Additionally, kinetic investigation and in silico assessments of 6i was carried out to understand the type of inhibition and behavior of the most potent derivative within the binding site of the enzyme. Noteworthy, the anti-urease assay against P. vulgaris revealed 6e and 6i as the most active agents with IC50 values of 15.27 & PLUSMN; 2.40 and 17.78 +/- 3.75 mu g/mL, respectively. Antimicrobial evaluations of all compounds reveal that compounds 6n and 6o were the most potent antimicrobial agents against the standard and resistant S. aureus. 6n and 6o also showed 37 and 27% inhibition in the development of biofilm by S. aureus at 512 mu g/ml. Furthermore, the MTT test showed no toxicity up to 100 mu M. Taken together, the study suggests that the synthesized thioxothiazolidinyl-acetamides bases derivatives may serve as potential hits as urease inhibitors.

Automated summary

In this study, a series of thioxothiazolidinyl-acetamides were designed and synthesized as potential urease inhibitors. Spectroscopic techniques were used to characterize the prepared compounds, and they were found to show significant urease inhibition. Compound 6i exhibited the highest activity. Furthermore, kinetic and in silico studies were conducted on 6i, suggesting its potential as a urease inhibitor.