Determination of oleandrin and adynerin in rat plasma by UPLC-MS/MS and their pharmacokinetic study

Oleandrin and adynerin are the main toxic components of oleander, an evergreen shrub or a small tree of the oleander family, which belongs to the class of cardiac glycosides exhibiting delayed action. The pharmacokinetic differences of oleandrin and adynerin in rats were studied by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) under two different administration modes: oral (5 mg/kg) and sublingual intravenous injection (1 mg/ kg). The chromatographic column was UPLC BEH C18 (50 mm x 2.1 mm, 1.7 lm), and the col-umn temperature was set at 40 degrees C. The mobile phase was acetonitrile-water (containing 0.1 % for-mic acid), with gradient elution, the flow rate was 0.4 mL/min, and the elution time was 4 min. Electrospray (ESI) positive ion mode detection with multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM) was used for quantitative analysis: oleandrin m/z 577-> 145, adynerin m/z 534-> 113, and internal standard m/z 237-> 135. The established UPLC-MS/MS method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetics in rats after administering oleandrin and adynerin. The bioavailability of olean-drin and adynerin was found to be low, 7.0 % and 93.1 %; respectively.(c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Automated summary

This study investigated the pharmacokinetic differences of oleandrin and adynerin in rats and found variations in their bioavailability.