Single-cell high-dimensional imaging mass cytometry: one step beyond in oncology

Solid tumors have a dynamic ecosystem in which malignant and non-malignant (endothelial, stromal, and immune) cell types constantly interact. Importantly, the abundance, localization, and functional orientation of each cell component within the tumor microenvironment vary significantly over time and in response to treatment. Such intratumoral heterogeneity influences the tumor course and its sensitivity to treatments. Recently, high-dimensional imaging mass cytometry (IMC) has been developed to explore the tumor ecosystem at the single-cell level. In the last years, several studies demonstrated that IMC is a powerful tool to decipher the tumor complexity. In this review, we summarize the potential of this technology and how it may be useful for cancer research (from preclinical to clinical studies).

Automated summary

Solid tumors have a dynamic ecosystem with various cell types constantly interacting, and their abundance and functional orientation change over time and in response to treatment. High-dimensional imaging mass cytometry (IMC) has emerged as a powerful tool to explore the complexity of tumors at the single-cell level. This review summarizes the potential of IMC in cancer research, from preclinical to clinical studies.