Time in therapeutic range for targeted temperature management and outcomes following out-of- hospital cardiac arrest

Objective: For comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), current guidelines recommend targeted temperature management (TTM) with a goal temperature of 32 degrees C-36 degrees C for at least 24 h. We examined adherence to temperature targets, quantified as time-in -therapeutic range (TTR), and association of TTR with survival and neurologic outcomes.Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium-Continuous Chest Compressions trial, including adults with OHCA who underwent TTM for >12 h. We imputed continuous temperatures between consecutive temperature measurements using the linear interpolation method and calculated TTR for multiple target temperatures. The association of TTR with survival to hospital discharge and favor-able neurological outcome was evaluated using hierarchical regression models.Main results: Among 2,637 patients (mean age 62.3 years, 29.9 % female), the median duration of TTR for TTM between 32 degrees C-36 degrees C was 23 (IQR: 21-24) hours with a median time outside therapeutic range of 0.9 (IQR: 0.0-4.2) hours. In risk-adjusted analyses, there was no association of TTR of 32 degrees C-36 degrees C with overall survival (OR 1.00 [95 % CI, 0.90-1.10]) or favorable neurologic outcome (1.02 [95 % CI, 0.90-1.14]). However, in assessments of TTR 33 degrees C-36 degrees C, there was a significant association with favorable neurologic survival (OR 1.12 [1.01-1.25]) but not overall sur-vival (OR 1.04 [0.94-1.15]).Conclusions: Among patients with OHCA who underwent TTM, we found variability in adherence to guideline-recommended treatment targets. Higher TTR was not associated with overall survival, but for certain temperature thresholds, TTR was associated with favorable neurologic outcome.

Automated summary

The study examined the adherence to temperature targets in comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) who underwent targeted temperature management (TTM) and its association with survival and neurological outcomes. The study found variability in adherence to guideline-recommended treatment targets, where higher time-in-therapeutic range (TTR) was associated with favorable neurological outcome but not overall survival. These findings suggest the importance of accurately maintaining the target temperature during TTM for improved neurological outcomes.