☆ 4.8 Review

Advances in the design and assembly of flexible thermoelectric device

PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE (2023)

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Additive Manufacturing of Thermoelectrics: Emerging Trends and Outlook

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Thermoelectric Coolers: Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities

Wen-Yi Chen et al.

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Phase-modulated mechanical and thermoelectric properties of Ag2S1-x Tex ductile semiconductors

Liming Peng et al.

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Flexible Thermoelectric Paper and Its Thermoelectric Generator from Bacterial Cellulose/Ag2Se Nanocomposites

Dulyawich Palaporn et al.

Summary: A flexible thermoelectric paper was successfully fabricated using bacterial cellulose/silver selenide nanocomposites. The in situ synthesis of silver selenide particles within the bacterial cellulose structure resulted in a homogeneous distribution of submicrosize particles, leading to enhanced thermoelectric properties. The hot-pressing process further improved the microstructure and increased the power factor of the paper.

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Design of a scalable, flexible, and durable thermoelectric cooling device for soft electronics using Kirigami cut patterns

Z. B. Rosenberg et al.

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Screen-printed bismuth telluride nanostructured composites for flexible thermoelectric applications

A. Amin et al.

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Wearable Thermoelectric Cooler Based on a Two-Layer Hydrogel/Nickel Foam Heatsink with Two-Axis Flexibility

Yong Zhang et al.

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ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2022)

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Thermoelectric Inks and Power Factor Tunability in Hybrid Films through All Solution Process

Jose F. Serrano-Claumarchirant et al.

Summary: This study focuses on the development of large-area thermoelectric films using hybrid materials. By blending TE materials with polymers and using a specific solvent, durable polymer, and additive in the ink formulation, the researchers successfully fabricated large-area homogeneous hybrid TE films with improved conductivity and TE power factor.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2022)

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High Interfacial Thermal Stability of Flexible Flake-Structured Aluminum Thin-Film Electrodes for Bi2Te3-Based Thermoelectric Devices

Yaling Wang et al.

Summary: In this study, a flake-structured Al thin-film electrode with high conductivity and excellent reliability was prepared, and its flexibility and adhesion to substrate were achieved by regulating the microstructure and crystallinity of the film. The heat-treated Al/Bi2Te3 film exhibited high interfacial thermal stability with almost no element diffusion at the interface. Moreover, a thermoelectric temperature sensor based on the Al thin-film electrode showed linear sensitivity and high reliability in monitoring temperature variation.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2022)

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Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Design as a Route for Promoting the Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 for High-Performance Thermoelectric Power Generation

Xiaodong Wang et al.

Summary: This work reports a synergistic optimization for Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 (BST) by incorporating copper(II) phthalocyanine (CuPc). CuPc is preferentially distributed at the grain boundary of BST and suppresses the grain growth. The lattice thermal conductivity of composites is reduced by the multiscale scattering induced by CuPc. In addition, Cu atoms diffuse into the lattice of BST and increase the whole concentration, suppressing the bipolar effect. As a result, the average zT value is effectively enhanced and a high conversion efficiency is achieved in BST/CuPc composites.

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Graphite Nanosheets as Multifunctional Nanoinclusions to Boost the Thermoelectric Performance of the Shear-Exfoliated Bi2O2Se

Lin Pan et al.

Summary: In this study, the introduction of graphite nanosheets regularizes the arrangement of Bi2O2Se nanograins, enhances the electrical conductivity by simultaneously improving electron carrier concentration and mobility, and improves the thermoelectric performance of Bi2O2Se. The liquid-phase shear exfoliation technique refines both graphite and Bi2O2Se into nanosheets, and the resulting hybrid bulk materials possess dense grain and phase boundaries, as well as various lattice imperfections, contributing to a low thermal conductivity.

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Impact of Molecular Weight on Molecular Doping Efficiency of Conjugated Polymers and Resulting Thermoelectric Performances

Sang Eun Yoon et al.

Summary: The study investigated the impact of molecular weight of conjugated polymers (CPs) on doping efficiency, electrical conductivity, and thermoelectric properties. Findings indicated that high molecular weight CPs tend to have higher carrier mobility and potential for maximal power generation.

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Towards Low Cost and Sustainable Thin Film Thermoelectric Devices Based on Quaternary Chalcogenides

Eleonora Isotta et al.

Summary: Thin film thermoelectric devices based on sustainable and non-toxic materials show promising performance and significantly outperform traditional thermoelectrics in terms of power density and cost. This represents a first step towards the development of sustainable and cost-effective thin film TE devices for various applications.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2022)

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Multifunctional Wearable Thermoelectrics for Personal Thermal Management

Lei Li et al.

Summary: This review highlights the unique characteristics of thermoelectric personal thermal management (PTM) compared to other technologies, and systematically summarizes its key parameters and fundamental functions. The advances in thermoelectric PTM are overviewed from material design to wearable device design viewpoints. Furthermore, the key challenges and future research directions of thermoelectric PTM are pointed out.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2022)

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Anisotropic Electrical Conductivity and Isotropic Seebeck Coefficient Feature Induced High Thermoelectric Power Factor >1800 μW m-1 K-2 in MWCNT Films

Xu Sun et al.

Summary: The power factor of flexible multi-walled carbon nanotube films has been significantly enhanced by utilizing the anisotropic electrical conductivity and isotropic Seebeck coefficient features of 1D CNTs, along with doping and cold-pressing processes to improve electrical conductivity. This has resulted in a high power factor comparable to state-of-the-art single/double-walled carbon nanotube films and most inorganic TE materials.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2022)

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Upcycling Silicon Photovoltaic Waste into Thermoelectrics

Jing Cao et al.

Summary: With the increasing number of end-of-life solar panels, the recycling of precious metals like silver and copper has become common practice. However, the majority of the silicon used in solar cells ends up in landfills due to the difficulty and cost of purifying waste silicon. This research presents a breakthrough in upcycling silicon from photovoltaic waste into thermoelectric materials, offering potential for a circular economy for photovoltaics and electronic waste.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Large Transverse and Longitudinal Magneto-Thermoelectric Effect in Polycrystalline Nodal-Line Semimetal Mg3Bi2

Tao Feng et al.

Summary: This study reports the large transverse and longitudinal magneto-thermoelectric effects in Mg3Bi2, a type-II nodal-line semimetal. The sample exhibits high magnetoresistance and the underlying mechanism is studied using density functional calculations.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Liquid Crystal Elastomer with Integrated Soft Thermoelectrics for Shape Memory Actuation and Energy Harvesting

Mason Zadan et al.

Summary: Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are combined with soft, stretchable thermoelectrics to create electrically controlled actuators, active cooling, and thermal-to-electrical energy conversion. This innovative combination allows for closed-loop control, walking towards a heat source, and autonomous deflection in soft systems, increasing energy recuperation efficiency.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

N-type core-shell heterostructured Bi2S3@Bi nanorods/polyaniline hybrids for stretchable thermoelectric generator

Lu Yang et al.

Summary: With the growing need for distributed power supply in portable electronics, energy harvesting from the environment has become a promising solution. This study developed a n-type polyaniline-based hybrid material with Bi2S3@Bi nanorods as fillers, demonstrating a Seebeck coefficient of 159.4 mu V/K at room temperature. The hybrid material was integrated into a stretchable thermoelectric generator (TEG) capable of outputting stable voltages in response to temperature differences.

CHINESE PHYSICS B (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Flexible pCu2Se-nAg2Se thermoelectric devices via in situ conversion from printed Cu patterns

Jinqi Xie et al.

Summary: Flexible pCu(2)Se-nAg(2)Se thermoelectric devices were successfully realized using precisely printed copper patterns. The Cu2Se and Ag2Se films obtained exhibited hierarchical defects that significantly scattered phonons, resulting in low thermal conductivity and optimal thermoelectric performance. The devices showed excellent power density and flexibility stability.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Ionic-liquid doping of carbon nanotubes with [HMIM][BF4] for flexible thermoelectric generators

Jaemin Jung et al.

Summary: This study investigates the doping mechanisms of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate under different surface states of CNTs controlled by adjusting the amount of anionic surfactants. It is found that imidazolium cations are preferentially adsorbed on the negatively charged CNT surfaces through strong interactions with the anionic head groups of the surfactants, leading to p-doping. On the other hand, more tetrafluoroborate anions can easily access the CNT surface when the CNT surfaces become relatively neutral, resulting in n-doping. These doping mechanisms can be selectively controlled using a simple solution process.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Exceptional power factor of flexible Ag/Ag2Se thermoelectric composite films

Xiang Li et al.

Summary: A high-performance Ag/Ag2Se thermoelectric film has been successfully fabricated using a novel method. The film exhibits high power factor, electrical conductivity, flexibility, and stability. This study provides an important breakthrough for the fabrication of high-performance flexible thermoelectric films.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Composites

Decoupling the trade-off between thermoelectric and mechanical performances for polymer composites via interfacial regulation

Yichuan Zhang et al.

Summary: In this study, the trade-off between thermoelectric (TE) and mechanical (ME) performances in flexible polycarbonate (PC)/single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) composites was successfully decoupled via interfacial adjustment. The obtained composite exhibited improved TE and ME performances by enhancing interfacial affinity and electrical conductivity.

COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Enhanced performance of SnSe/PEDOT: PSS composite films by MWCNTs for flexible thermoelectric power generator

Dan Liu et al.

Summary: In this study, flexible multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-tin selenide (SnSe)/poly (3,4- ethylene dioxythiophene): poly (styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS)/dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) composite films were fabricated and their thermoelectric properties were investigated. The results showed that increasing the content of MWCNTs in the composite films improved the electrical conductivity but decreased the Seebeck coefficient. Additionally, MWCNTs enhanced the carrier concentration and mobility of the films, leading to improved thermoelectric performance. This research highlights the great potential of MWCNTs in enhancing the thermoelectric performance of flexible composite films for wearable devices.

JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS (2022)

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Article Polymer Science

Fabrication, characterization, and thermoelectric properties of soft polyurethane foam loaded with semiconducting poly(3-hexylthiophene) nanofibers

Genki Mano et al.

Summary: A polyurethane foam loaded with P3HT nanofibers is developed, which exhibits low thermal conductivity and thermoelectric properties while maintaining high mechanical strength and modulus.

JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Multifunctional Superelastic Graphene-Based Thermoelectric Sponges for Wearable and Thermal Management Devices

Ding Zhang et al.

Summary: This paper introduces a superelastic graphene-based thermoelectric sponge for wearable electronics and thermal management. The sponge has a high Seebeck coefficient and large compressive strain, and demonstrates good stability. The sponge array TE device can drive medical equipment and reduce CPU temperature.

NANO LETTERS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

High thermoelectric performance realized through manipulating layered phonon-electron decoupling

Lizhong Su et al.

Summary: Thermoelectric materials offer the potential for direct conversion of heat into electricity. Phonon-electron decoupling plays a critical role in achieving high-performance thermoelectrics.

SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Self-Healable and Stretchable Ionic-Liquid-Based Thermoelectric Composites with High Ionic Seebeck Coefficient

Zico Alaia Akbar et al.

Summary: This study presents self-healable, stretchable, and flexible ionic thermoelectric (TE) composites with excellent properties. The composites can maintain their performance under harsh conditions, indicating great potential for various applications.

SMALL (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

(Bi2Te3)1-x(PANI)x compositions- synthesis, structural, spectroscopic characterization with enhanced thermoelectric performance

M. S. Shalaby et al.

Summary: This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of Bi2Te3/PANI composites. The results show that the strong interactions between the semiconductor and polymer can enhance the order of the structure and improve the thermoelectric performance.

SYNTHETIC METALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Design Rules for Polymer Blends with High Thermoelectric Performance

Osnat Zapata-Arteaga et al.

Summary: A combinatorial study was conducted to investigate the effect of mixing different guests on the thermoelectric properties of the polymer PBTTT. The results showed that blends with guest weight fractions around 10-15% exhibited a significant increase in power factor compared to the reference material, resulting in higher zT values. Spectroscopic analysis and structural characterization revealed that the key to improved performance lies in the promotion of long-range electrical connectivity and low disorder by the guest, along with similar highest occupied molecular orbital levels for both materials to ensure electronic connectivity.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

A Solvothermal Synthetic Environmental Design for High-Performance SnSe-Based Thermoelectric Materials

Xiao-Lei Shi et al.

Summary: The authors of this study demonstrate a solvothermal synthetic environmental design to fabricate super-large and micro/nanoporous Sn0.965Se microplates with optimized thermoelectric and mechanical properties. The resulting material exhibits low lattice thermal conductivity and high ZT values, making it suitable for practical thermoelectric devices.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Highly Integrated, Wearable Carbon-Nanotube-Yarn-Based Thermoelectric Generators Achieved by Selective Inkjet-Printed Chemical Doping

Kyung Tae Park et al.

Summary: Flexible thermoelectric materials are essential for self-powered wearable electronics, but their practical applications are hindered by low performance. This study proposes a highly aligned carbon-nanotube yarns (CNTYs) with selective doping via inkjet printing, achieving ultrahigh power factors for p- and n-type thermoelectric materials. The highly integrated, flexible CNTY-based thermoelectric generator (TEG) can generate unprecedented milliwatt-scale power using body heat alone, surpassing previously reported flexible material-based TEGs.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

A wearable organic photovoltaic-thermoelectric (OPV-TE) hybrid generator to minimize the open-circuit voltage losses of OPV module

Yong Jun Kim et al.

Summary: This study proposes a hybrid generator composed of an OPV module and TEG to improve power generation performance by minimizing the VOC losses of the OPV module. The hybrid device shows improved efficiency and photon absorption of the OPV module, increased VOC, and longer charge recombination lifetime, resulting in higher short-circuit current and up to 46.3% more electrical energy harvesting compared to the OPV module alone.

NANO ENERGY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Highly integrated fiber-shaped thermoelectric generators with radially heterogeneous interlayers

Kun Wang et al.

Summary: This study reports a flexible scrolled thermoelectric (TE) module with high-density p-n junctions achieved by rolling a patterned carbon nanotube film and a cellulose acetate nanofiber membrane. The module demonstrates high integration and output voltage density. A fiber-shaped TE device is designed by interconnecting the scrolled modules, and p-n junctions are realized in both axial and radial directions. Furthermore, the fiber-shaped TE device can be woven with commercial yarns to construct TE fabric for harvesting thermal energy.

NANO ENERGY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Highly stretchable three-dimensional thermoelectric fabrics exploiting woven structure deformability and passivation-induced fiber elasticity

Doojoon Jang et al.

Summary: A method of achieving high thermoelectric performance and exceptional mechanical reliability of three-dimensional fabrics is proposed, which involves passivation and weaving of thermoelectric fibers. The woven fabric can harvest heat in the vertical direction and has high open-circuit voltage and power, as well as reliable mechanical stability. This new fabric holds promise for self-powered wearable electronics.

NANO ENERGY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Soft multi-modal thermoelectric skin for dual functionality of underwater energy harvesting and thermoregulation

Yeongju Jung et al.

Summary: This study presents a stretchable thermoelectric skin (TES) that can harvest energy and regulate body temperature in the underwater environment. TES, with its soft and elastic nature, enables better heat conduction and achieves higher power density compared to previous stretchable thermoelectric devices. The underwater environment further enhances TES's thermoelectric efficiency and makes it suitable for wearable underwater rescue platforms.

NANO ENERGY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Bi2Te3-Filled Nickel Foam Film with Exceptional Flexibility and Thermoelectric Performance

Taifeng Shi et al.

Summary: There is a growing demand for wearable electronics and thermoelectric materials are considered a promising self-charging technology. This study developed a flexible and efficient composite film by depositing Bi2Te3 nanoplates into porous nickel foam. The film exhibited high tensile strength, flexibility, electrical conductivity, and Seebeck coefficient, resulting in a high power factor. A module fabricated with this film demonstrated a promising output power. This work provides a cost-effective approach for making highly flexible thermoelectric films for power supply in wearable electronics.

NANOMATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Operation of Wearable Thermoelectric Generators Using Dual Sources of Heat and Light

Myeong Hoon Jeong et al.

Summary: A novel wearable thermoelectric generator (WTEG) has been fabricated, which utilizes the dual source of body heat and light for high driving force and power density. By optimizing the fill factor, the WTEG achieves the highest power density among all kinds of WTEGs under actual operating conditions, while retaining a significant portion of its output power at high ambient temperature.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Solution-Processed Hole-Doped SnSe Thermoelectric Thin-Film Devices for Low-Temperature Power Generation

Seung Hwae Heo et al.

Summary: This paper presents a solution-processed fabrication of high-performance Ag-doped SnSe thin films operable in a low-temperature range. The Ag doping induces preferred crystallographic orientation and grain growth in SnSe, resulting in enhanced thermoelectric performance at low temperatures. Additionally, stretchable and patterned devices were fabricated using thin-film wrinkling and photolithography techniques, and their power generation performance was evaluated, demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed thin films as energy harvesters in emerging electronic systems.

ACS ENERGY LETTERS (2022)

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Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Flexible self-charging power sources

Ruiyuan Liu et al.

Summary: This review discusses the various applications of flexible self-charging technologies as power sources, including flexible solar cells, mechanical energy harvesters, thermoelectrics, biofuel cells, and hybrid devices with flexible energy-storage components. The review also highlights the integration of power sources in soft electronics and presents the emerging challenges, strategies, and opportunities for research and development of flexible self-charging power sources.

NATURE REVIEWS MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Fabrication of free-standing flexible and highly efficient carbon nanotube film/PEDOT: PSS thermoelectric composites

Jing Huang et al.

Summary: Carbon nanotube film (CNTF) with two-dimensional CNT network structure was used to prepare CNTF/PEDOT:PSS thermoelectric composites. A vacuum-assisted filtration method was employed to achieve uniform penetration of the polymer into CNTF, resulting in improved electrical conductivity and power factor.

JOURNAL OF MATERIOMICS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Infinite coordination polymer for enhancing the thermoelectric performance of Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 for low-grade waste heat recovery

Xiaodong Wang et al.

Summary: Cu-based infinite coordination polymer nanosheets were synthesized to enhance the thermoelectric performance of Bi(0.5)Sb(1.5)Te(3) for low-grade waste heat recovery. The diffusion of Cu increased the carrier concentration and suppressed the bipolar effect, while the inclusion of multiple scales scattering centers dramatically reduced the lattice thermal conductivity.

MATERIALS TODAY ENERGY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Improved Thermoelectric-Photovoltaic Performance of Ag2Se Originating from a Halogenation-Induced Wider Band Gap and Low Crystal Symmetry

Yee Hui Robin Chang et al.

Summary: By halogenation, the Seebeck coefficient and quality factor of Ag2Se can be improved, while maintaining its ductility and stability.

ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Heat and Charge Carrier Flow through Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Films in Vertical Electrolyte-Gated Transistors: Implications for Thermoelectric Energy Conversion

Kan Ueji et al.

Summary: Understanding the relationship between electrical and thermal characteristics is crucial for thermal management of thin films. However, there are limited measurement methods to simultaneously evaluate both characteristics. In this study, the authors propose a measurement technique combining time-domain thermoreflectance and vertical electrolyte-gated transistors to evaluate electrical and thermal characteristics simultaneously. The results show that the thermal conductivity of single-walled carbon nanotube films is independent of the vertical current density, which can be modulated over 4 orders of magnitude, suggesting a potential route for improving thermoelectric conversion efficiencies.

ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Self-Healable and Robust PE/PEDOT/SWCNT Thermoelectric Composites

Xin Wu et al.

Summary: With the increasing popularity and application prospects of flexible wearable electronics, organic thermoelectric materials have become a hotspot in the field of energy recycling and environmental protection. In this study, a polyethylene matrix was used in combination with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and single-walled carbon nanotubes, forming a conductive penetration network and providing the composites with a high room-temperature power factor. The inclusion of polyethylene not only reduces thermal conductivity but also improves self-healing and mechanical properties of the composites.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Anion Size Effect of Ionic Liquids in Tuning the Thermoelectric and Mechanical Properties of PEDOT:PSS Films through a Counterion Exchange Strategy

Qikai Li et al.

Summary: In this work, we successfully enhanced the thermoelectric performance and stretchable capabilities of PEDOT:PSS thin films through controlling the interaction between ionic liquids and PEDOT:PSS. By fine-tuning the stacking of PEDOT polymer chains, we achieved a transition from hopping transport to band-like transport, resulting in improved thermoelectric properties. Additionally, the gelation time of the PEDOT:PSS solution was delayed by adding fluorine-containing ionic liquids, leading to higher stretchability of the films.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Ultraflexible PEDOT:PSS/Helical Carbon Nanotubes Film for All-in-One Photothermoelectric Conversion

Xin-zheng Jin et al.

Summary: In this study, a full organic PTE film with improved photothermal conversion performance was prepared by optimizing the arrangement and structure of molecular chains. A flexible PTE chip with high flexibility and stability was manufactured.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Achieving high thermoelectric properties in PEDOT:PSS/SWCNTs composite films by a combination of dimethyl sulfoxide doping and NaBH4 dedoping

Li Zhang et al.

Summary: By doping with DMSO and dedoping with NaBH4, the thermoelectric properties of PEDOT:PSS/SWCNTs composite film can be significantly improved, achieving high electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient. The high electrical conductivity is achieved by removing insulating PSS, changing the stacking structure of PEDOT chains, and forming a three-dimensional conductive network between PEDOT:PSS and SWCNTs. Dedoping with NaBH4 reduces the oxidation level of PEDOT:PSS, leading to a compromise between electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient.

CARBON (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Free-standing p-Type SWCNT/MXene composite films with low thermal conductivity and enhanced thermoelectric performance

Jiacheng Wei et al.

Summary: In this study, three-dimensional hollow structured SWCNT/MXene films were prepared for the first time as high-performance thermoelectric materials. The Seebeck coefficient was increased by the energy-filtering effect at the SWCNT/MXene interfaces, and the hole concentration was decreased by compensating with electrons from MXenes. The formation of the hollow structures and contact junctions reduced the thermal conductivity and facilitated electron transfer.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Enhanced thermoelectric performance by constructing PEDOT:PSS/graphene quantum dots/single-walled carbon nanotube multilayer films

Fei-Peng Du et al.

Summary: In this study, a graphene quantum dots (GQDs) intermediate layer was used to couple poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) to enhance the thermoelectric properties. The multilayer films showed improved interfacial adhesion, enhanced electrical conductivity, and reduced thermal conductivity, resulting in an enhanced figure of merit. The strategy employed in this study provides novel insights into high-performance SWCNTs-based thermoelectric materials.

JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Dual Post-Treatments Boost Thermoelectric Performance of PEDOT:PSS Films and Their Devices

Ting Wu et al.

Summary: Dual post-treatments using sodium sulfite and formamide are employed to enhance the thermoelectric performance of PEDOT:PSS films, resulting in an optimized power factor. The post-treated films can be assembled into flexible thermoelectric devices with potential for sustainable charging of low-grade wearable electronics.

MACROMOLECULAR MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Flexible thermoelectric generators prepared by dispenser printing technology

Shih-Yao Chien et al.

Summary: This paper investigates the printing paste rheology, thermoelement sintering process, and output performance of dispenser-printed flexible thermoelectric generators (f-TEGs). The sintered thermoelements show high thermoelectric power factors after optimization, and the f-TEG maintains its performance after bending. The feasibility of powering a LED and charging a battery with multiple f-TEGs is demonstrated.

MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Wearable thermoelectric-powered textile-based temperature and pressure dual-mode sensor arrays

Yuanyuan Zheng et al.

Summary: Flexible thermoelectric-powered textile-based temperature and pressure dual-mode sensors (TET-TPDS) have the advantages of lightweight, three-dimensional conformability and breathability, making them suitable for wearable electronic skin. This study presents a TET-TPDS array with high temperature and pressure sensitivity by sewing carbon nanotube yarn into a spacer fabric. The array can be repeatedly used under low pressure and shows great potential in on-body healthcare monitoring applications.

ORGANIC ELECTRONICS (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

A new poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly (styrene sulfonate)/nickel oxide nanoparticles (PEDOT:PSS/NiO) thermoelectric system with a promising thermoelectric power factor

Abdullah F. Al Naim et al.

Summary: The thermoelectric properties of the polymer PEDOT: PSS mixed with nickel oxide nanoparticles were studied. It was found that increasing the NiO content reduced the system's conductivity but increased its Seebeck coefficient. Acid post-treatment was used to further improve the thermoelectric performance. This study has important implications for temperature sensors, wearable electronics, and energy harvesting technology.

SYNTHETIC METALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Substrate Modification for High-Performance Thermoelectric Materials and Generators Based on Polymer and Carbon Nanotube Composite

Hongfeng Huang et al.

Summary: Polymer and carbon nanotube composites have attracted extensive attention for thermoelectric materials due to their combination of low thermal conductivity and high electrical conductivity. This study demonstrates that surface modification using self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) is a promising strategy for improving the performance of thermoelectric materials and devices.

ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Single Atom Selenium Substitution-Mediated P-Type Doping in Polythiophenes toward High-Performance Organic Electronics and Thermoelectrics

Chen Chen et al.

Summary: Heavy heteroatom substitution in the backbone of polymer semiconductors enhances charge transport and thermoelectric properties. Single-atom selenium substitution significantly improves conductivity in doped polymers by enhancing crystallinity and stability towards doping.

ADVANCED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS (2022)

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Review Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Micro-thermoelectric devices

Qihao Zhang et al.

Summary: This review examines the development of micro-thermoelectric devices, exploring progress in device design, integration, and performance, as well as the potential applications of the technology in cooling, power generation, and sensing. These devices offer faster response time, higher resolution, and greater power density compared to their commercial counterparts, making them crucial for highly integrated electronic devices, the Internet of Things, and flexible and wearable technology.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Directional Thermal Diffusion Realizing Inorganic Sb2Te3/Te Hybrid Thin Films with High Thermoelectric Performance and Flexibility

Meng Wei et al.

Summary: In this study, a high-performance and flexible Sb2Te3/Te-x hybrid thin film was fabricated using a novel directional thermal diffusion reaction growth method. The film exhibited optimized carrier density and low thermal conductivity, resulting in a high ZT value and high power density, showing great potential for sustainably charging low-power electronic devices.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Optimal array alignment to deliver high performance in flexible conducting polymer-based thermoelectric devices

Shengduo Xu et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates the successful fabrication of a high-performance flexible thermoelectric device (F-TEDs) by optimizing the assembly of vertically-aligned poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) arrays. The optimized device design and material treatment techniques ensure the high performance, mechanical robustness, and environmental stability of the F-TEDs.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Polypyrrole-bismuth selenide (PPY-Bi2Se3) composite-thermoelectric characterization and effect of nickel doping

Pinaki Mandal et al.

Summary: Conducting polymer based thermoelectric composites have attracted increasing attention in recent years due to their low cost, low thermal conductivity, durability, and flexibility. This study compares the performance of two composites, Polypyrrole-bismuth selenide (PPYBS) and polypyrrole-nickel doped bismuth selenide (PPYBSN), synthesized using solvothermal and chemical oxidative in situ polymerization techniques, for thermoelectric applications. The results show that compositing polymer with chalcogenides enhances the conductivity and thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) of the materials. The analysis of the materials' structure and charge transfer processes using X-ray diffraction and density functional theory provides further insights into their properties.

SYNTHETIC METALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Wearable fabric-based hybrid energy harvester from body motion and body heat

Weon-Guk Kim et al.

Summary: In this study, a wearable fabric-based energy harvester is demonstrated, which hybridizes a triboelectric generator and a thermoelectric generator. The fabric-based energy harvester effectively scavenges electrical energy from body motion and body heat, and charges a storage capacitor with the harvested energy, which can be used to partially charge a smartphone.

NANO ENERGY (2022)

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Article Energy & Fuels

Ultra-flexible thermoelectric generator based on silicone rubber sheet and electrodeposited thermoelectric material for waste heat harvesting

Nguyen Van Toan et al.

Summary: This study presents a high-performance ultra-flexible thermoelectric generator (TEG) based on a silicone rubber sheet and electrodeposited thermoelectric material. The fabricated flexible TEG exhibits high voltage and power density under a temperature difference increment and outperforms recent related works. The investigation opens up new opportunities for future flexible TEGs and wireless self-powered sensing systems.

ENERGY REPORTS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Continuous manufacture of stretchable and integratable thermoelectric nanofiber yarn for human body energy harvesting and self-powered motion detection

Xinyang He et al.

Summary: Thermoelectric nanofiber yarns with high stretchability and seamability have the ability to convert heat energy from the human body to electrical energy. They can be used in smart wearable fields such as cold/heat source identification, breathing monitoring, and exercise optimization.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

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Proceedings Paper Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Flexible thermoelectric and photosensitive thin-film material based on nanostructured ZnO:In layer covered by nanocellulose

Natalia Klochko et al.

Summary: In this study, new flexible thermoelectric and photosensitive thin-film materials were successfully created using an inexpensive and scalable method. Through analysis of surface morphology and thermoelectric characteristics, it was demonstrated that these materials are suitable for use as broadband photodetectors.

MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Highly stretchable, durable, and breathable thermoelectric fabrics for human body energy harvesting and sensing

Xinyang He et al.

Summary: This study proposes an advanced preparation strategy to fabricate carbon nanotube/polyvinyl pyrrolidone/polyurethane composite thermoelectric fabrics with high air permeability and stretchability, and successfully fabricates self-powered sensors.

CARBON ENERGY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Durable, stretchable and washable inorganic-based woven thermoelectric textiles for power generation and solid-state cooling

Yuanyuan Zheng et al.

Summary: This study develops a strategy to produce ISC-based segmented hierarchically ternary coaxial TE fibers for manufacturing highly mechanically stable, stretchable, breathable and washable woven TETs. The TET demonstrates good mechanical and TE performance, making it suitable for on-body monitoring and solid-state cooling applications.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

High-Performance Conformal Thermoelectric Generator for Environmental Monitoring

Yining Feng et al.

Summary: This study presents a film-based cTEG device that can efficiently scavenge mid- to low-grade wasted heat from underground pipeline systems. By combining bulk TE elements with a flexible printed circuit board, the power output density of the device is significantly increased, making it a cost-effective solution.

ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Construction of a cement-rebar nanoarchitecture for a solution-processed and flexible film of a Bi2Te3/CNT hybrid toward low thermal conductivity and high thermoelectric performance

Zhijun Chen et al.

Summary: A new solution-processed method to prepare a flexible film of a Bi2Te3/single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) hybrid has been reported, showing excellent thermoelectric performances and high flexibility. The hybrid film exhibits n-type characteristic, with stable Seebeck coefficient and extremely low thermal conductivity. This research paves the way for the fabrication of solution-processable and flexible TE hybrid films.

CARBON ENERGY (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Organic/inorganic hybrid for flexible thermoelectric fibers

Youfa Liu et al.

Summary: The study successfully prepared PEDOT:PSS/Te-NWs organic/inorganic hybrid fibers for flexible TE generators without substrates, which showed higher performance compared to individual components. Solvent post-treatment was employed to enhance TE performance and mechanical properties, achieving a power factor as high as 17.8 mu W m(-1) K-2. A simple flexible TE generator with post-treated hybrid fibers and carbon nanotube fibers showed acceptable power density.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Thermodynamics

A novel proposed flexible thin-film solar annular thermoelectric generator

Yan Cao et al.

Summary: This paper proposes a thin-film flexible annular solar thermoelectric generator for curved and variable surfaces, and conducts a comprehensive simulation to investigate the impact of various parameters on the generator's performance. The study reveals insights such as the optimal number of legs and inner radius for maximizing output power.

APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Enhanced thermoelectric properties of flexible N-type Ag2Se nanowire/polyvinylidene fluoride composite films synthesized via solution mixing

Dabin Park et al.

Summary: This study presents a fabrication method for Ag2Se nanowire/PVDF composite films with outstanding thermoelectric power factor, specifically highlighting the exceptional durability and enhanced power factor of the film containing 70% Ag2Se nanowires.

JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Synergistically Improving Flexibility and Thermoelectric Performance of Composite Yarn by Continuous Ultrathin PEDOT:PSS/DMSO/Ionic Liquid Coating

Mufang Li et al.

Summary: By adding DMSO and ILs as modifiers, the flexibility and TE performance of PEDOT:PSS coating can be significantly enhanced. A flexible continuous ultrathin layer of PEDOT:PSS/DMSO/1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide (P/D/ED) with a linear conformation forms on the surface of cotton yarn, which shows reduced modulus and enhanced strain and bending stability compared to pristine PEDOT:PSS film.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Flexible n-Type Abundant Chalcopyrite/PEDOT:PSS/Graphene Hybrid Film for Thermoelectric Device Utilizing Low-Grade Heat

Yanan Wang et al.

Summary: This study successfully combined abundant and inexpensive Zn-doped chalcopyrite with a flexible electrical network to produce an n-type FTE film with exceptional mechanical properties and a 4-fold enhancement in electrical conductivity, showing potential for cost-sensitive applications.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Flexible Thermoelectric Films Based on Bi2Te3 Nanosheets and Carbon Nanotube Network with High n-Type Performance

Xiaona Chen et al.

Summary: This study focuses on the growth of bismuth tellurium nanosheets on single-walled carbon nanotubes to create flexible SWCNTs@Bi2Te3 composite films with high electrical conductivity and excellent stability. The research provides a convenient method for fabricating n-type and flexible thermoelectric composite films, further promoting the practical application of n-type flexible thermoelectric materials.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Design Strategy for Transformative Electronic System toward Rapid, Bidirectional Stiffness Tuning using Graphene and Flexible Thermoelectric Device Interfaces

Sang-Hyuk Byun et al.

Summary: A new design approach for tunable and adaptable electronics has been developed, utilizing graphene as a catalyst to accelerate the heterogeneous nucleation of gallium and integrating a flexible thermoelectric device for active temperature control to reduce the supercooling phenomenon during the solid-liquid transition of gallium. The results establish the foundations for accelerated bidirectional transformation of transformative electronics.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) as promising thermoelectric materials and devices

Yuwei Xu et al.

Summary: Conducting polymers, as an important environmentally friendly energy conversion material, have rich sources, low cost, good mechanical flexibility, and other advantages. In recent years, they have attracted increasing attention in the field of organic thermoelectric applications and made significant progress.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Thermoelectric Converters Based on Ionic Conductors

Xun Wu et al.

Summary: Ionic thermoelectric materials represent a new paradigm for harvesting low-grade heat with higher Seebeck coefficient and lower thermal conductivity, and possess advantages of high flexibility, low cost, limited environmental pollution, and self-healing capability. They have been applied in supercapacitors, wearable devices, and fire warning systems, showing great potential for future development.

CHEMISTRY-AN ASIAN JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Flexible thermoelectric module based on zinc oxide thin film grown via SILAR

N. P. Klochko et al.

Summary: In this study, nanostructured undoped and indium doped thin films were deposited on flexible polyimide substrates using low temperature solution growth SILAR method for use in flexible thermoelectric modules. The ZnO:In film obtained after annealing exhibited low resistivity, high Seebeck coefficient, and thermoelectric power factor near room temperatures. The manufactured thin-film thermoelectric module generated specific output power at Delta T = 50 K, confirming the operability of the films as the basis of TE devices.

CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Cross-conjugated spiro molecules and single-walled carbon nanotubes composite for high-performance organic thermoelectric materials and generators

Linlin Zhang et al.

Summary: A series of novel Spiro molecules designed to be composited with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) as p-type thermoelectric materials exhibit high thermoelectric performance due to their three dimensional cross-conjugated architecture, which promotes interactions with SWCNT leading to high carrier concentration and moderate carrier mobility in the composite film. The flexible thermoelectric generator containing 10 p-type legs shows an output power of 1.0 μW under a temperature gradient of 60 K, indicating potential applications in flexible thermoelectric power generation.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Double perovskite Pr2CoFeO6 thermoelectric oxide: Roles of Sr-doping and Micro/nanostructuring

Hao Wu et al.

Summary: This study presents a new type of Pr2CoFeO6 oxide-based thermoelectric material, with enhanced thermoelectric performance achieved through experimental and theoretical analysis. By doping with Sr2+ and optimizing methods, the material showed improved thermoelectric properties, indicating a promising potential for practical applications.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Improving the thermoelectric properties of thick Sb2Te3 film via Cu doping and annealing deposited by DC magnetron sputtering using a mosaic target

Nattharika Theekhasuk et al.

Summary: This study investigated the effects of vacuum annealing on the thermoelectric properties of Cu-doped Sb2Te3 films. The substitution of Cu on the Sb site induces electronic states or impurity peaks of Sb2Te3, leading to an increase in carrier concentration with increasing Cu dopant concentration. However, the crystallite size and Seebeck coefficient of the Cu-doped Sb2Te3 films decreased as the Cu dopant concentration increased.

CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Effects of RF Magnetron Sputtering Deposition Power on Crystallinity and Thermoelectric Properties of Antimony Telluride and Bismuth Telluride Thin Films on Flexible Substrates

Farbod Amirghasemi et al.

Summary: This study investigated the surface topography, crystalline structure, and electrical properties of sputtered thin films of antimony telluride and bismuth telluride on silicon and polymer substrates. The results show that increasing the RF sputtering power significantly improved the crystallinity, conductivity, and Seebeck coefficient of the thin films. The study provides insights into the effects of sputtering power and substrate on the material properties of thermoelectric materials.

JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Acido-treatment of PEDOT:PSS/Carbon Dots (CDots) nano-composite films for high thermoelectric power factor performance and generator

Ahmed Gamal El-Shamy

Summary: The study demonstrates that the thermoelectric performance of carbon dots/polymer nano-composites can be significantly enhanced through sulfuric acid treatment, leading to improved electrical conductivity and power factor. The resulting material shows potential for application in flexible thermoelectric devices.

MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Design of flexible inorganic thermoelectric devices for decrease of heat loss

Defang Ding et al.

Summary: This paper reviews the advancements in the design of flexible inorganic TE devices over the last decade, focusing on flexible thin-film TE devices and wearable TE devices. The key research areas include the design of leg patterns, electrical and thermal contact, substrate and encapsulation materials, as well as the characterization of device flexibility and current applications.

NANO RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

High-performance PANI-coated Ag2Se nanowire and PVDF thermoelectric composite film for flexible energy harvesting

Dabin Park et al.

Summary: In this study, a polyaniline-coated silver selenide nanowire/polyvinylidene fluoride (PANI-Ag2Se/PVDF) composite was synthesized using a simple method, and its application in flexible thermoelectric (TE) films was demonstrated. The composite material showed a good power factor at 300K with excellent flexibility, making it suitable for manufacturing high-performance flexible TE films.

JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance of Carbon Nanotubes/Polyaniline Composites by Multiple Interface Engineering

Hui Li et al.

Summary: By sequentially dedoping and redoping, the interface structure of carbon nanotubes/polyaniline composite films can be effectively regulated to enhance their thermoelectric properties. This leads to improved electrical conductivity, maintained Seebeck coefficient, and significantly higher power factor, making it suitable for energy-harvesting electronic devices.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Advanced Thermoelectric Materials for Flexible Cooling Application

Jiamin Ding et al.

Summary: Flexible cooling devices are at the forefront of refrigeration technology, catering to the essential requirements of complex working environments and local heat dissipation. Through research on thermoelectric materials and the Peltier effect, rapid development has been achieved in flexible substrates.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

An Instant Change of Elastic Lattice Strain during Cu2Se Phase Transition: Origin of Abnormal Thermoelectric Properties

Hui Bai et al.

Summary: Cu2Se superionic conductor is promising due to low thermal conductivity. An abnormal change during phase transition from alpha-Cu2Se to beta-Cu2Se is caused by local migration of Cu-ions, leading to reduced carrier mobility and increased electrical resistance. Insights from observing thermoelectric response during phase transition may advance high performance thermoelectric materials beyond traditional approaches.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Composites

Facile preparations of layer-like and honeycomb-like films of poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/carbon nanotube composites for thermoelectric application

Shasha Wei et al.

Summary: The study reveals that the morphology of PEDOT:PSS/SWCNT composites significantly influences the performance of flexible thermoelectric devices, with films displaying a submicron honeycomb-like porous structure showing higher power factors and greater potential compared to other structures.

COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

High-performance flexible thermoelectric modules based on high crystal quality printed TiS2/hexylamine

Stephane Jacob et al.

Summary: Printed electronics involves the use of low-cost printing technologies to create electronic devices and circuits on flexible substrates. The development of this field is expanding due to the rise of the internet-of-everything. By using nanoparticles obtained from exfoliated 2D materials, such as graphene and metal sulfides, high-performance printed layers can be achieved.

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Two-step electrochemical modification for improving thermoelectric performance of polypyrrole films

Yang Li et al.

Summary: By employing a two-step electrochemical post-treatment strategy, the thermoelectric performance of PPy films can be significantly improved. This method allows for accurate regulation of doping levels, resulting in power factor and figure of merit that are far higher than those obtained through one-step electrochemical post-treatment.

SYNTHETIC METALS (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Gas phase doping of pre-fabricated CNT yarns for enhanced thermoelectric properties

Mariamu Kassim Ali et al.

Summary: In this study, the carrier concentration of preformed CNT yarns was tuned by a practical vapor-phase doping process to improve their electrical conductivity and figure of merit. TCNQ and F4TCNQ were adopted as p-type dopants, resulting in a 1.5- to 1.6-fold enhancement of ZT compared to pristine yarns.

SYNTHETIC METALS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A flexible electromagnetic wave-electricity harvester

Hualiang Lv et al.

Summary: The study introduces a hybrid Sn@C composite with a biological cell-like splitting ability that enhances the efficiency of converting electromagnetic waves into electricity and heat. This material provides a promising solution for addressing electromagnetic interference with self-powered devices.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Ultrahigh performance polyvinylpyrrolidone/Ag2Se composite thermoelectric film for flexible energy harvesting

Cong Jiang et al.

Summary: By preparing a PVP/Ag2Se composite film, it is possible to achieve a high power factor (1910 μW m(-1) K-2) and outstanding flexibility at 300K. This composite film demonstrates great promise for use in flexible thermoelectric generators.

NANO ENERGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Porous organic filler for high efficiency of flexible thermoelectric generator

Sung-Jin Jung et al.

Summary: This study introduces flexible TEMs made of porous PDMS fillers and Bi2Te3-based thermoelectric legs, in which the low thermal conductivity of the filler suppresses heat conduction, leading to an increase in temperature difference and enhancing power density and figure of merit.

NANO ENERGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Composition-segmented BiSbTe thermoelectric generator fabricated by multimaterial 3D printing

Seong Eun Yang et al.

Summary: Segmented thermoelectric generators (TEGs) composed of multiple TE elements can achieve high efficiency without ZT losses, but face challenges related to material compatibility. In this study, multi-material 3D printing of segmented BiSbTe materials was achieved, showing promise for optimizing TEGs.

NANO ENERGY (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Recent progress in tuning polymer oriented microstructures for enhanced thermoelectric performance

Liang Deng et al.

Summary: In recent years, research on thermoelectric materials based on conjugated polymers has grown exponentially due to their advantages and potential applications. This review discusses the importance of oriented microstructure in governing polymer performance and reviews recent progress in orienting conjugated polymers for thermoelectric applications, as well as discussing the underlying mechanisms and future prospects.

NANO ENERGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

High-performance wearable thermoelectric generator with self-healing, recycling, and Lego-like reconfiguring capabilities

Wei Ren et al.

Summary: The wearable TEG achieves high open-circuit voltage and flexibility, and greatly improves performance through integrating wavelength-selective metamaterial film, paving the way for the next generation of energy-harvesting devices.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Facile preparation of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate)/Ag2Te nanorod composite films for flexible thermoelectric generator

Qiufeng Meng et al.

Summary: In this study, flexible PC-Ag2Te nanocomposite film was prepared using PEDOT:PSS coated silver telluride nanorods, showing high power factors at different temperatures. The electrical conductivity of the nanocomposite film decreased by only about 3.3% after 1000 bending cycles, indicating good stability. An optimal PC-Ag2Te nanocomposite film assembled thermoelectric generator exhibited high output power and power density at a temperature gradient of 30.3 K.

JOURNAL OF MATERIOMICS (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Highly Stretchable PU Ionogels with Self-Healing Capability for a Flexible Thermoelectric Generator

Junhuai Xu et al.

Summary: The study developed a self-healable and stretchable PU ionogel with high mechanical stretchability and excellent ionic figure of merit. The PU ionogels showed stable thermoelectric capability under severe conditions and rapid self-healing abilities, making them promising for applications in wearable thermoelectric devices.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

High Power Factor Ag/Ag2Se Composite Films for Flexible Thermoelectric Generators

Qi Gao et al.

Summary: A high power factor and excellent flexibility Ag/Ag2Se composite film was fabricated on a flexible nylon membrane using wet chemical synthesis and vacuum-assisted filtration techniques. The optimized composite film showed high power factor and electrical conductivity at room temperature, and retained conductivity after repeated bending cycles. This work provides a new strategy for synthesizing flexible thermoelectric films with high power factor and electrical conductivity.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Rational Electronic and Structural Designs Advance BiCuSeO Thermoelectrics

Yan Gu et al.

Summary: This work reports a record high thermoelectric figure-of-merit ZT of 1.6 +/- 0.2 at 873 K in p-type polycrystalline Bi0.94Pb0.06CuSe1.01O0.99 through rational band manipulation and novel nanostructural design. By reducing carrier concentration through Se substitution, implementing Pb-doping triggered lattice distortions, and utilizing a shear exfoliation technique for grain refinement, the lattice thermal conductivity was reduced and the power factor was improved, leading to the high ZT value.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Ultralow Lattice Thermal Conductivity and Superhigh Thermoelectric Figure-of-Merit in (Mg, Bi) Co-Doped GeTe

Tong Xing et al.

Summary: This study achieved a superhigh thermoelectric figure-of-merit (zT) of approximately 2.5 at 700 K by regulating the (Mg, Bi) co-doping in GeTe. The research found that (Mg, Bi) co-doping can effectively reduce the lattice thermal conductivity of GeTe compounds and introduce additional electrons to optimize carrier concentration, thereby improving the overall thermoelectric performance of the material.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Role of interfaces in organic-inorganic flexible thermoelectrics

Chan Liu et al.

Summary: By using carbon nanotubes-tellurium-PEDOT:PSS nanocomposites, it is possible to achieve ultra-low thermal conductivity at high CNT content, which is understood through quantitative mappings of thermal conductivity in micro-scale interface regions. Moreover, the formation of highly conductive layers at the interfaces of Te PEDOT:PSS and CNTs PEDOT:PSS can enhance electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient simultaneously.

NANO ENERGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

A flexible spring-shaped architecture with optimized thermal design for wearable thermoelectric energy harvesting

Haicai Lv et al.

Summary: A novel three-dimensional spring-like thermoelectric device (S-TED) is proposed, which inherits excellent flexibility, compressibility, and the ability to utilize waste heat under vertical temperature gradient. Compared to conventional TEDs, this device is optimized in contact enhancement, thermal insulation design, and heat dissipation efficiency, achieving high output power.

NANO ENERGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Recent advances in flexible thermoelectric films and devices

Xiang Li et al.

Summary: Flexible thermoelectric films (f-TEFs) have gained increasing attention in the last decade and made significant breakthroughs in the past two years, being widely applied in flexible thermoelectric generators. This paper reviews the preparation methods of f-TEFs, proposes strategies for enhancing their performance, and showcases the design of device utilizing their mechanical flexibility and thermoelectric properties.

NANO ENERGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

From carbon nanotubes to highly adaptive and flexible high-performance thermoelectric generators

Bo Wu et al.

Summary: This study presents an AF-TEG based on thin-film carbon nanotube assemblies that can generate high voltage and output power under moderate temperature differences, showing great potential for practical applications.

NANO ENERGY (2021)

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Article Physics, Applied

Two-dimensional flexible thermoelectric devices: Using modeling to deliver optimal capability

Shengduo Xu et al.

Summary: By systematically considering various parameters, we theoretically designed the optimal parametric geometries of 2D FTEDs to minimize internal resistance and maximize output power density. This design concept showed great potential for practical application and can be extended to boost the applications of FTEDs in other thermoelectric systems.

APPLIED PHYSICS REVIEWS (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Facile MWCNTs-SnSe/PEDOT:PSS ternary composite flexible thermoelectric films optimized by cold-pressing

Dan Liu et al.

Summary: The study showed that the cold-pressed MSPPD10 ternary composite film has better thermoelectric performance and flexibility, with a significantly improved power factor. This type of film has great potential for use in wearable energy harvesters.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Linear Electron Beam Assisted Roll-to-Roll in-Vacuum Flexographic Patterning for Flexible Thermoelectric Generators

Bryan W. Stuart et al.

Summary: This study investigated the use of in-line linear electron beam irradiation (LEB) as a cleaning step for flexible electronic devices, preventing interference from remaining oil residues. The research demonstrated the importance of careful selection of masking oils and highlighted the reactivities of deposited materials with additives, such as fluorine, during R2R flexographic patterning.

COATINGS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Joint-Free Single-Piece Flexible Thermoelectric Devices with Ultrahigh Resolution p-n Patterns toward Energy Harvesting and Solid-State Cooling

Xu Dai et al.

Summary: The traditional joints in organic electronic devices composed of p-n modules can harm the performance of the devices. However, a plasma treatment method has been recently reported to fabricate joint-free TE devices with higher performance, providing high resolution p-n patterns promising for future high integration level TE devices.

ACS ENERGY LETTERS (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Flexible thermoelectric materials and devices: From materials to applications

Li Zhang et al.

Summary: This review summarizes the recent progress of flexible thermoelectric materials, including conducting polymers, organic/inorganic hybrid composites, and fully inorganic materials. The strategies and approaches for enhancing the thermoelectric properties of different flexible materials are detailed overviewed.

MATERIALS TODAY (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Composites

Highly stretchable and sensitive self-powered sensors based on the N-Type thermoelectric effect of polyurethane/Nax(Ni-ett)n/graphene oxide composites

Kening Wan et al.

Summary: The addition of graphene oxide as a secondary filler in a polyurethane/poly nickel-ethenetetrathiolates film has shown improved electrical conductivity, air-stability, and stretchability, making it suitable for use as a high-sensitivity strain sensor.

COMPOSITES COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Composites

PEDOT:PSS/PVA/Te ternary composite fibers toward flexible thermoelectric generator

Jiaji Yang et al.

Summary: This study prepared ternary thermoelectric fibers based on PEDOT:PSS, Te-NWs, and PVA, with enhanced mechanical performance and electrical conductivity by introducing PVA. The composite fibers showed improved electrical conductivity and power factor. Finally, a FTEG was assembled, demonstrating good mechanical flexibility and voltage output performance.

COMPOSITES COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Composites

The influence of Ga doping on preparation and thermoelectric properties of flexible Ag2Se films

Yiming Lu et al.

Summary: Ga-doped Ag2Se flexible films were successfully prepared on porous nylon membrane by wet chemical synthesis of Se nanowires as templates, exhibiting excellent mechanical and electrical properties, with a remarkable ability to maintain high electrical conductivity even after a large number of bending cycles.

COMPOSITES COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Carbon allotrope hybrids advance thermoelectric development and applications

Wei-Di Liu et al.

Summary: Carbon allotrope hybrids, as an essential component in thermoelectric technology, offer advantages such as low cost, high performance, and engineerable mechanical properties, attracting growing research interest. The key challenge lies in enhancing material performance by improving electrical properties, controlling thermal conductivity, and engineering mechanical properties. Compositing carbon allotropes can enhance electrical transport properties and reduce lattice thermal conductivity, while also improving the mechanical properties of thermoelectric materials, widening their potential applications.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Tunable thermoelectric properties of free-standing PEDOT nanofiber film through adjusting its nanostructure

Haijun Song et al.

Summary: Organic thermoelectric materials, such as 1D PEDOT nanofibers, have been synthesized using a micellar soft-template method and exhibit highly tunable TE properties. The power factor of PEDOT can be adjusted by modifying its nanostructure, with the highest value achieved through edge-on packing mode. Additionally, the power factor can be further enhanced by constructing PEDOT nanofiber/SWCNTs composite.

SYNTHETIC METALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

p-Type Plastic Inorganic Thermoelectric Materials

Zhiqiang Gao et al.

Summary: This study reports the first p-type plastic inorganic TE material, which achieved both good plasticity and p-type conduction by alloying Cu in n-type plastic Ag2S0.7Se0.3. The hexagonal structure (Ag0.2Cu0.8)(2)S0.7Se0.3 exhibited a maximum zT of 0.42 at 800 K, and by introducing Cu deficiencies, the maximum zT was greatly enhanced to 0.95 at 800 K, a record-high value for plastic TE materials.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Highly efficient and air stable thermoelectric devices of poly (3-hexylthiophene) by dual doping of Au metal precursors

Young Hun Kang et al.

Summary: The electrical conductivity and doping stability of P3HT in ambient air are significantly improved using a gold chloride dopant, resulting in a high-performance thermoelectric material. The doped P3HT shows high electrical conductivity and excellent air stability.

NANO ENERGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Leaf-Inspired Flexible Thermoelectric Generators with High Temperature Difference Utilization Ratio and Output Power in Ambient Air

Qing Zhou et al.

Summary: The study presents a leaf-inspired flexible thermoelectric generator that utilizes a vertical alignment of thin films to maximize temperature difference utilization, optimizing performance. In air convection scenarios, the generator demonstrates good temperature difference utilization ratio and output power, making it suitable for Internet of Things and wearable electronic devices.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Realizing a 14% single-leg thermoelectric efficiency in GeTe alloys

Zhonglin Bu et al.

Summary: GeTe alloys have shown high conversion efficiency and thermoelectric performance, with good stability and durability within the working temperature range. By optimizing the carrier concentration and phonon scattering effects of the material, GeTe alloys achieve efficient thermoelectric device design.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Composites

Feasibility of using chemically exfoliated SnSe nanobelts in constructing flexible SWCNTs-based composite films for high-performance thermoelectric applications

Jueshuo Fan et al.

Summary: This study prepared thermoelectric composites consisting of 2D tin selenide nanobelts and 1D single-walled carbon nanotubes, with improved thermoelectric performance achieved through post-treatment of thermal annealing, laying a foundation for the fabrication of high-performance thermoelectric composites in the future.

COMPOSITES COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

High Performance of Post-Treated PEDOT:PSS Thin Films for Thermoelectric Power Generation Applications

Immanuel Paulraj et al.

Summary: Organic conducting polymers show great potential as thermoelectric materials for wearable devices due to their excellent thermoelectric properties and advantages in cost, processing, toxicity, thermal conductivity, flexibility, weight, and large-scale applications.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

N-Type Flexible Films and a Thermoelectric Generator of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Grafted Tin Selenide Nanocrystal Composites

Jueshuo Fan et al.

Summary: The study prepared thermoelectric composites using a covalent-bond grafting method between tin selenide and single-walled carbon nanotubes, achieving an optimized power factor and assembling a flexible thermoelectric generator, opening a new avenue for the design of high-performance thermoelectric composites and flexible TEGs.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

All-Oxide p-n Junction Thermoelectric Generator Based on SnOx and ZnO Thin Films

Eliana M. F. Vieira et al.

Summary: This work presents an all-oxide p-n junction thermoelectric generator composed of low-cost, abundant, and nontoxic materials, demonstrating high quality p-n junction and achieving good power output at a temperature difference of 160 K.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Giant Photo-Magneto-Thermoelectric Effect of End-On Oriented PEDOT Grown from Self-Assembled 3D Tectons

Byeonggwan Kim et al.

Summary: Conductive polymers arranged in a 3D structure on graphene surfaces show enhanced charge transport properties, with a high degree of crystallinity and improved carrier mobility compared to traditional methods. By utilizing the large photothermal effect of the polymer film, a photon-mode magneto-thermoelectric (MTE) effect is demonstrated for the first time, providing a unique tool to control carrier transport in thin films via external magnetic stimuli with a temperature gradient.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Stretchable and Freeze-Tolerant Organohydrogel Thermocells with Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance Continually Working at Subzero Temperatures

Wei Gao et al.

Summary: This study introduces a new method for addressing the challenges of low working temperatures, mechanical fragility, and poor thermoelectric performance of traditional aqueous thermocells by introducing a synergistic chaotropic effect. The organohydrogel thermocell designed in this work can still operate stably in extremely cold environments and has a high power density. This research provides new insights for providing reliable power sources for flexible electronic devices in extremely cold environments.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Mechanically Robust and Flexible Films of Ionic Liquid-Modulated Polymer Thermoelectric Composites

Zhipeng Li et al.

Summary: A new type of high-performance polymer thermoelectric composite with high thermoelectric performance and mechanical toughness has been reported, showing potential application prospects in addressing the issue of poor mechanical performance of TE composites.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Phase-Transformation-Induced Giant Deformation in Thermoelectric Ag2Se Semiconductor

Qi Liang et al.

Summary: This study investigates the deformation mechanism in Ag2Se during phase transition, revealing a new ordered high-temperature phase α'-Ag2Se. The stretch/fold of Se-Se bonds plays a key role in enabling rapid and large deformation, while different bonding states lead to the formation of nanoslabs and high concentration of dislocations, providing insights into phase transition processes in other functional materials.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Ionic Dopant-Induced Ordering Enhances the Thermoelectric Properties of a Polythiophene-Based Block Copolymer

Ban Xuan Dong et al.

Summary: Conjugated polymer-based block copolymers show promising electronic conductivity and Seebeck coefficient when processed and doped with molecular dopants. Interactions with ionic species significantly improve molecular order and unexpectedly cause electrical oxidizing doping of P3HT block. Vapor doping further enhances the thermoelectric power factor, demonstrating the effectiveness of solution co-processing with salts in controlling the structure and performance of organic thermoelectric materials.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Wearable Thermoelectric Materials and Devices for Self-Powered Electronic Systems

Yanhua Jia et al.

Summary: The emergence of artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things has led to a growing demand for wearable and maintenance-free power sources. Development of devices powered by body heat is now feasible, and thermoelectric materials have emerged as promising candidates for effective conversion of body heat into electricity. Wearable thermoelectric generators have become more flexible and stretchable, and various functional materials, processing techniques, and device design strategies are discussed in this review. Challenges in organic TE materials, interfacial engineering, and assessments of device performance are also addressed, with suggestions provided for future developments in the area of wearable TE materials and devices.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Physics, Applied

Rationalizing the enhancement of the thermoelectric properties of PEDOT:PSS by secondary doping

Marco Cassinelli et al.

Summary: This study analyzed the changes in PEDOT:PSS thin films after the addition of DMSO through various testing methods, revealing that the increase in electrical conductivity is mainly due to the enhancement of charge carrier mobility, rather than changes in morphology and chemical composition.

APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Synergetic enhancement of the energy harvesting performance in flexible hybrid generator driven by human body using thermoelectric and piezoelectric combine effects

Seoha Kim et al.

Summary: The flexible thermoelectric-piezoelectric generator (f-TPEG) is a leading candidate for longterm biomedical monitoring-based ubiquitous healthcare services. By optimizing the surficial properties of its components, it has demonstrated efficient energy generation through temperature differences and has shown promising biological energy harvesting capabilities.

APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Organic thermoelectric devices with PEDOT:PSS/ZnO hybrid composites

Woongki Lee et al.

Summary: Organic thermoelectric devices (OTEDs) utilizing hybrid composites of PEDOT:PSS and ZnO particles show enhanced performance, improved electrical conductivity, and increased power output. Specific interactions between PEDOT:PSS and ZnO result in faster thermoelectric responses in the composite material.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Improving the thermoelectric performance of solution-processed polymer nanocomposites by introducing platinum acetylides with tailored intermolecular interactions

Chunfa Liu et al.

Summary: The introduction of heavy metal atoms (platinum) along with tailored pi-ligands to reconstruct the main chain of incorporated polymers is an efficient strategy to regulate intermolecular pi-pi interactions with SWCNTs, resulting in enhanced thermoelectric (TE) properties. This method significantly increases the calculated binding energy and observed Dexter energy transfer process between SWCNTs and polymers, leading to improved power factors and output power of TE generators based on P (HTh-Pt)/SWCNT compared to the homologous P3HT one without platinum.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Thermodynamics

Wearable thermoelectric 3D spacer fabric containing a photothermal ZrC layer with improved power generation efficiency

Mufang Li et al.

Summary: Utilizing a photothermal-thermoelectric 3D spacer fabric, this study successfully increased the temperature gradient and power generation efficiency by combining the photothermal conversion of ZrC and the thermal insulation performance of PPSF. A wearable wristband containing 30 ZrC-PPSF units generated significantly higher voltage under sunlight compared to indoors, demonstrating the effectiveness of improving thermoelectric power generation efficiency through photothermal conversion.

ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Interface effect and band engineering in Bi2Te3:C and Bi2Te3:Ni-Cu with enhanced thermopower for self-powered wearable thermoelectric generator

V Shalini et al.

Summary: This study successfully synthesized Bi2Te3 nanostructures and applied them to carbon and nickel-copper fabrics to form TE legs, driving wearable thermoelectric devices. The Ni-Cu fabric coated with Bi2Te3 demonstrated higher electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient, resulting in higher output voltage. Analysis showed that environmental temperatures below 300K and above 293K are more suitable for energy harvesting from the human body.

JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS (2021)

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Article Physics, Applied

High power factor n-type Ag2Se/SWCNTs hybrid film for flexible thermoelectric generator

Jixin Geng et al.

Summary: A study on a n-type Ag2Se/single-walled carbon nanotubes hybrid film with high power factor and excellent flexibility for use in flexible thermoelectric devices was reported. The excellent performance of the hybrid film is attributed to its network and nano-bridge structure.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Development of a solid-state multi-stage thermoelectric cooler

T. Parashchuk et al.

Summary: A unique thermoelectric solid-state multi-stage cooler was developed for operating temperatures up to 140K, utilizing extrusion technology for thermoelectric legs fabrication. The cooler achieved high cooling capacity and temperature difference, demonstrating potential for practical applications such as refrigeration for mid-infrared sensors up to 150K.

JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Fully printed and flexible carbon nanotube-based thermoelectric generator capable for high-temperature applications

Christos K. Mytafides et al.

Summary: This study successfully fabricated a fully printed carbon nanotube-based Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) with excellent flexibility and remarkable power output, capable of operating at high temperatures up to 350 degrees C. The TEG device, easily manufactured through low-cost ink printing processes, exhibited remarkable power factors on high-temperature resistant substrates, along with exceptional stability in air. The produced TEG showed high thermoelectric performance in the field of carbon-based and printed thermoelectric devices, with the potential for large-scale manufacturing opportunities.

JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Synthesis of ZrNiSn with high thermoelectric performance via a novel high-gravity combustion method

He Zhang et al.

Summary: The novel high-gravity combustion synthesis method was used to synthesize ZrNiSn bulks in a few seconds, resulting in dense samples with high purity phase and high figure of merit. The high-gravity field played a crucial role in reducing porosity and accelerating matter and energy transfer. The thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) of the ZrNiSn processed by HGCS was 0.75 at 923K.

MATERIALS LETTERS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Polycrystalline SnSe with a thermoelectric figure of merit greater than the single crystal

Chongjian Zhou et al.

Summary: The research found that by controlling the purity of tin reagents and removing tin oxide impurities, the thermal conductivity of SnSe polycrystalline samples can be reduced, resulting in excellent performance with ZT of 3.1 at 783 K.

NATURE MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Conducting polymer-based flexible thermoelectric materials and devices: From mechanisms to applications

Shengduo Xu et al.

Summary: Conducting polymers have unique advantages in wearable and implantable thermoelectric devices, but their thermoelectric performance still lags behind traditional materials. Researchers have made progress in optimizing strategies and device fabrication techniques, showing a promising future for conducting polymer-based flexible thermoelectric devices.

PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE (2021)

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Editorial Material Materials Science, Ceramics

A decade of discovery: A review of MXenes, the family of 2D transition metal carbides and nitrides

Yury Gogotsi

AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY BULLETIN (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Integrated, Highly Flexible, and Tailorable Thermoelectric Type Temperature Detectors Based on a Continuous Carbon Nanotube Fiber

Xiaogang Xia et al.

Summary: Carbon nanomaterials and their hybrid materials show great potential as alternatives to traditional thermoelectric materials in the field of flexible and lightweight temperature detection. A highly flexible and tailorable TE temperature detector based on continuous SWCNT fiber has been fabricated, showing improved sensitivity with an increase in the number of p-n thermocouples, demonstrating flexibility and customizability.

SMALL (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Facile preparation of flexible all organic PEDOT:PSS/methyl cellulose thermoelectric composite film by a screen printing process

Hao Niu et al.

Summary: Screen printing technology was used to prepare flexible all organic PEDOT:PSS/MC composite films, and the influence of MC and DMSO treatment on the thermoelectric properties was investigated. It was found that the electrical conductivity decreased with increasing MC content, while the Seebeck coefficient remained constant. After DMSO treatment, the power factor significantly increased.

SYNTHETIC METALS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Cu2Se-based thermoelectric cellular architectures for efficient and durable power generation

Seungjun Choo et al.

Summary: This study presents a method of designing cellular thermoelectric architectures through 3D printing to achieve efficient and durable thermoelectric power generation. By optimizing the aspect ratio of thermoelectric legs and using mechanically stiff leg structures, power output can be increased and the durability of the power generation devices can be extended.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Macroscopic weavable fibers of carbon nanotubes with giant thermoelectric power factor

Natsumi Komatsu et al.

Summary: Low-dimensional materials, particularly carbon nanotubes, have shown promising potential as thermoelectric materials due to their unique properties. The challenge lies in preserving their large power factor in macroscopic assemblies, which has been addressed in this study through improved sample morphology and Fermi energy tuning. The achieved ultrahigh power factor makes these carbon nanotube fibers strong candidates for applications requiring both high thermoelectric power factor and thermal conductivity.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Synergistic Texturing and Bi/Sb-Te Antisite Doping Secure High Thermoelectric Performance in Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3-Based Thin Films

Ming Tan et al.

Summary: By carefully tuning the deposition temperature to enhance the texture and induce Bi/Sb-Te antisite doping in Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 thin films, a high ZT value of approximately 1.5 was achieved, showing great potential for practical applications.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Recyclable, Healable, and Stretchable High-Power Thermoelectric Generator

Pengcheng Zhu et al.

Summary: Recyclable, healable, and stretchable TEGs (RHS-TEGs) are assembled from commercial Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3 TE legs, utilizing liquid metal as interconnects and dynamic covalent thermoset polyimine as encapsulation, achieving superior power density. The TEGs fabricated using this strategy demonstrate excellent TE performance, mechanical compliance, and healing and recycling capabilities.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Design and Optimization of Flexible Thermoelectric Coolers for Wearable Applications

T. M. Sivarenjini et al.

Summary: The development and characterization of wearable thermoelectric cooling modules are crucial for personalized cooling, with a focus on reducing body temperature in high ambient temperature conditions while balancing current consumption and heat transfer coefficient.

ECS JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Analytical

Fiber-Based Thermoelectric Materials and Devices for Wearable Electronics

Pengxiang Zhang et al.

Summary: Fiber-based thermoelectric materials and devices offer great potential for wearable electronics due to their characteristics of lightweight, stability, and flexibility. This technology shows advantages in temperature sensing, thermoelectric generation, and temperature management, but also faces challenges and opportunities in the field.

MICROMACHINES (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

High performance wearable thermoelectric generators using Ag2Se films with large carrier mobility

Shuaihang Hou et al.

Summary: Flexible thermoelectric generators utilizing singlephase AgxSe films demonstrated high power density and mechanical stability, making them suitable for powering wearable electronic devices.

NANO ENERGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Boosting the thermoelectric performance of n-type Bi2S3 by hierarchical structure manipulation and carrier density optimization

Wenting Ji et al.

Summary: In this study, a high ZT value of approximately 0.8 was achieved in n-type polycrystalline Bi2S3 through a combination of hierarchical structure manipulation and carrier density optimization. The unique micro/nanostructures formed during the fabrication process, along with the suppressed lattice thermal conductivity, contributed to this high ZT value. Additionally, CuCl2-doping was found to optimize carrier concentration and further enhance the thermoelectric performance of the material.

NANO ENERGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Screen-Printed Flexible Thermoelectric Device Based on Hybrid Silver Selenide/PVP Composite Films

Dan Liu et al.

Summary: A flexible thermoelectric generator (F-TEG) based on screen printing of n-type Ag2Se/PVP film showed optimal thermoelectric performance at a ratio of 30:1. The F-TEG demonstrated good output voltage and power at a temperature difference of 40K, providing a simple and efficient preparation solution for environmentally friendly and wearable thermoelectric devices.

NANOMATERIALS (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Benzothienobenzothiophene-Based Organic Charge Transfer Complex and Carbon Nanotube Composites for p-Type and n-Type Thermoelectric Materials and Generators

Shihui Qin et al.

Summary: The study focuses on the composite of organic charge transfer complexes (CTCs) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) as thermoelectric materials for flexible thermoelectric generators, where different side chains of BTBT derivatives and F(4)TCNQ are component of the CTCs. The highest p-type power factor is observed in PhBTBT-F(4)TCNQ/SWCNT composite film, while the highest n-type power factor is found in C8BTBT-F(4)TCNQ/SWCNT composite film.

ADVANCED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

High-Performance Bismuth Antimony Telluride Thermoelectric Membrane on Curved and Flexible Supports

Liangwei Fu et al.

Summary: The research focuses on high-quality BST epitaxial thin films grown using spontaneous van der Waals epitaxy, which are peeled off and transferred to versatile materials to create high-performance thermoelectric membranes, producing unprecedented millimeter-sized BST membranes with high crystallinity and remarkable zT value (approximately 0.9 at 300 K).

ACS ENERGY LETTERS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Direct ink writing of three-dimensional thermoelectric microarchitectures

Fredrick Kim et al.

Summary: Microscale three-dimensional thermoelectric architectures can be fabricated through direct writing of particle-based thermoelectric inks, producing microthermoelectric generators with high power density.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Composites

Flexible poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-tosylate/SWCNT composite films with ultrahigh electrical conductivity for thermoelectric energy harvesting

Lirong Liang et al.

Summary: Organic conductive polymer/carbon nanoparticle thermoelectric composites have attracted attention due to their promising structural and electrical characteristics. By combining chemical oxidative polymerization, acid-treatment of SWCNT, and vacuum filtration, flexible films of PEDOT-Tos/a-SWCNT composites with enhanced TE performance were fabricated. The layered morphology and strong pi-pi interactions between polymer chains and SWCNT contribute to a highly conductive network, while the acid-treatment acts as p-type doping for SWCNT to achieve high electrical conductivity. This study demonstrates the potential for polymer-based composites in TE applications.

COMPOSITES COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

High thermoelectric efficiency in electrodeposited silver selenide films: from Pourbaix diagram to a flexible thermoelectric module

Cristina Manzano et al.

Summary: The research focuses on developing a new sustainable, easily scalable, and cost-effective electrochemical deposition method to fabricate stable silver selenide films, and analyzing their thermoelectric properties. Films with similar properties were successfully deposited on a flexible Kapton substrate using electrodeposition techniques.

SUSTAINABLE ENERGY & FUELS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

High-performance n-type Ta4SiTe4/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/graphdiyne organic-inorganic flexible thermoelectric composites

Sanyin Qu et al.

Summary: In this study, high-performance n-type organic-inorganic flexible thermoelectric composites were successfully fabricated using semiconducting graphdiyne (GDY) instead of carbon nanotubes or graphene. The composites showed improved electrical conductivity and achieved a maximum ZT value of 0.2 at 300 K, making them among the highest reported in this field. Additionally, a prototype thermoelectric module consisting of both n-type and p-type legs demonstrated the highest normalized maximum power density compared to other organic material-based flexible thermoelectric modules.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Self-Standing and Flexible Thermoelectric Nanofiber Mat of an n-Type Conjugated Polymer

Jingyu Li et al.

Summary: The study presents a self-standing and flexible nanofiber mat of an n-type conjugate polymer prepared with electrospinning technology, showing high conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and power factor, suitable for flexible thermoelectric devices.

ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Printed flexible thermoelectric materials and devices

Jiaqing Zang et al.

Summary: This review presents recent progress and applications of printed flexible thermoelectric (PFTE) devices, including performance optimization strategies, printed materials, and printing methods for FTE devices. It also reviews the applications and performance of PFTE devices in thermoelectric generators, thermoelectric coolers, and thermoelectric sensors over the last decade, discussing existing challenges and proposing future directions for high-performance, low-cost PFTE devices.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Smart textiles for personalized thermoregulation

Yunsheng Fang et al.

Summary: Thermoregulation is crucial for human health, and traditional heating and cooling systems are inefficient. Emerging textiles, due to innovations in materials chemistry and nanotechnology, are more personalized and energy-saving. The advancement in smart thermoregulatory textiles offers insights for sustainable development and personalized comfort.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Lightweight wearable thermoelectric cooler with rationally designed flexible heatsink consisting of phase-change material/graphite/silicone elastomer

Jaeyoo Choi et al.

Summary: This paper introduces a lightweight wearable thermoelectric cooler with a flexible heatsink, achieving efficient cooling performance and long cooling capacity. With the optimized ternary composite heatsink, cooling at 5K temperature was achieved under ambient conditions, demonstrating potential applications in real-world scenarios.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Recent Developments in Flexible Thermoelectric Devices

Shiqi Yang et al.

Summary: Flexible thermoelectrics, which can directly convert body heat into electricity, provide a promising solution for uninterrupted power supply to wearables. Significant progress has been made in the past decade, shedding light on the further development of this technology for the future.

SMALL SCIENCE (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

High-efficiency thermocells driven by thermo-electrochemical processes

Meng Li et al.

Summary: Thermocells, a promising technology for converting low-grade heat into electricity, have recently seen breakthroughs in efficiency and power output. However, challenges such as volatility and degradation of redox couples continue to exist in the application of thermocells.

TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Defect engineering in thermoelectric materials: what have we learned?

Yun Zheng et al.

Summary: This review summarizes the recent advances in defect engineering to enhance the thermoelectric performance and mechanical properties of inorganic materials, covering the classification and characterization of various defect types, as well as the effects of defect engineering on the properties of thermoelectric materials.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2021)

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Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

The world of two-dimensional carbides and nitrides (MXenes)

Armin Vahid Mohammadi et al.

Summary: MXenes, a family of two-dimensional materials, have diverse properties and wide-ranging applications in areas such as optics, catalysis, sensing, and medicine. Future research directions will focus on deepening the fundamental understanding of MXenes properties and exploring their potential for hybridization with other 2D materials.

SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Thermal deposition method for p-n patterning of carbon nanotube sheets for planar-type thermoelectric generator

Ryohei Yamaguchi et al.

Summary: Thermoelectric generators using flexible single-walled carbon nanotube sheets have high Seebeck coefficient, remarkable electrical conductivity, and good flexibility, showing promise for wearable electronics. A dry patterning process based on thermal vapor deposition has been developed in this study, allowing for reduced lateral diffusion in the doping process and efficient power generation of planar SWCNT-based TEGs with four p-n units.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2021)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Anion-Dependent Molecular Doping and Charge Transport in Ferric Salt-Doped P3HT for Thermoelectric Application

Lili Wu et al.

Summary: The effects of different iron (III) dopants on the doping process and charge transport properties of P3HT were investigated. The results show that doping level is influenced by driving force for charge transfer and miscibility between polymer and dopant, while carrier transport is controlled by microstructure. Among the different dopants studied, FeCl3-doped P3HT film exhibited the highest electrical conductivity due to higher carrier mobility, while Fe(OTf)(3)-doped P3HT film showed the highest doping level but lower electrical conductivity.

ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Design guidelines for chalcogenide-based flexible thermoelectric materials

Yifan Wang et al.

Summary: Flexible thermoelectric generators, powered by harvesting heat from the human body, have become a feasible solution for continuously powering electronic devices. Recent breakthroughs in chalcogenide-based flexible TE materials have resulted in high power factors and provide detailed design guidelines for the properties and flexibility of the films. Assembling these films into device designs that utilize their mechanical flexibility and thermoelectric properties is a key focus, while the outlook and challenges of wearable inorganic-based thermoelectric materials are also discussed.

MATERIALS ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Flexible thermoelectric generator with liquid metal interconnects and low thermal conductivity silicone filler

Viswanath Padmanabhan Ramesh et al.

Summary: Flexible thermoelectric generators have been developed in this study to efficiently convert body heat into electrical energy, using low thermal conductivity aerogel-silicone composite and stretchable eutectic gallium-indium liquid metal interconnects. The results show promising potential for these wearable devices to serve as the main energy source for low-power health monitoring electronics.

NPJ FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Highly foldable and flexible films of PEDOT:PSS/Xuan paper composites for thermoelectric applications†

Liang Deng et al.

Summary: This study reports foldable and flexible TE materials based on Xuan paper and PEDOT:PSS, which exhibit outstanding mechanical and TE properties and can be easily processed into various shapes.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Mass-produced metallic multiwalled carbon nanotube hybrids exhibiting high N-type thermoelectric performances

Yizhuo Wang et al.

Summary: This study presents a method of converting metallic multiwalled carbon nanotubes from p-type to n-type using a high n-type dopant, resulting in a maximum power factor of 195 mW m(-1) K-2 at 373 K for the n-type hybrid, demonstrating superior performance compared to most n-type MWCNT based organic materials reported in the literature.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2021)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Fully printed origami thermoelectric generators for energy-harvesting

Andres Georg Roesch et al.

Summary: Researchers have developed a fully screen printed flexible origami TEG using printable thermoelectric polymers and composite materials, which can harvest energy from low-temperature environmental heat. They achieved high power output and thermal impedance matching, demonstrating a wireless energy-harvesting application.

NPJ FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Thermoelectric all-carbon heterostructures for a flexible thermoelectric generator

Hyeonseok Hwang et al.

Summary: A simple method for improving the thermoelectric performance of CNTs by introducing carbon nanoparticles to form all-carbon heterostructures is reported. The all-carbon heterostructure films showed higher Seebeck coefficient and power factor values, potentially for use in flexible thermoelectric generators.

SUSTAINABLE ENERGY & FUELS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Fiber-based thermoelectrics for solid, portable, and wearable electronics

Xiao-Lei Shi et al.

Summary: This work provides a comprehensive review of fiber-based thermoelectrics, discussing significant advances in various types of fibers and devices for applications in electronics. The challenges and future directions towards the development of fiber-based thermoelectrics are also pointed out.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Tuning the phonon transport in bilayer graphene to an anomalous regime dominated by electron-phonon scattering

Xiaolong Yang et al.

Summary: Recent studies have shown the significance of electron-phonon interaction (EPI) in phonon transport at intermediate temperatures, where EPI can dominate over anharmonic phonon-phonon scattering in some metals, leading to an anomalous phonon transport regime. Using first-principles calculations, it was predicted that in bilayer graphene, tuning the doping level can drive phonon transport into the anomalous regime, resulting in a fivefold reduction of lattice thermal conductivity at room temperature. The origin of this anomalous behavior lies in mirror symmetry breaking, dominance of normal processes in anharmonic ph-ph scattering, and the indirect effect of EPI on K-L.

PHYSICAL REVIEW B (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Energy Filtering of Charge Carriers: Current Trends, Challenges, and Prospects for Thermoelectric Materials

Chhatrasal Gayner et al.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Fiber-Based Energy Conversion Devices for Human-Body Energy Harvesting

Liang Huang et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Fiber/Fabric-Based Piezoelectric and Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Flexible/Stretchable and Wearable Electronics and Artificial Intelligence

Kai Dong et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Thermal Transport in Conductive Polymer-Based Materials

Xiangfan Xu et al.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Flexible Thermoelectric Devices of Ultrahigh Power Factor by Scalable Printing and Interface Engineering

Tony Varghese et al.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Green Biocomposites for Thermoelectric Wearable Applications

Pietro Cataldi et al.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

High-Performance Ag-Modified Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 Films for the Flexible Thermoelectric Generator

Hongjing Shang et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2020)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Ultrahigh Performance of n-Type Ag2Se Films for Flexible Thermoelectric Power Generators

Cong Jiang et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2020)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Significant Enhancement in the Seebeck Coefficient and Power Factor of p-Type Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(styrenesulfonate) through the Incorporation of n-Type MXene

Xin Guan et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2020)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Significantly Enhanced Thermoelectric Properties of Organic-Inorganic Hybrids with a Periodically Ordered Structure

Qi Xu et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2020)

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Review Energy & Fuels

Review of wearable thermoelectric energy harvesting: From body temperature to electronic systems

Amin Nozariasbmarz et al.

APPLIED ENERGY (2020)

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Article Energy & Fuels

Flexible thermoelectric generators for body heat harvesting - Enhanced device performance using high thermal conductivity elastomer encapsulation on liquid metal interconnects

Yasaman Sargolzaeiaval et al.

APPLIED ENERGY (2020)

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Article Physics, Applied

Redesign high-performance flexible thermoelectrics: From mathematical algorithm to artificial cracks

Yi Zhou et al.

APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Boosting thermoelectric performance by in situ growth of metal organic framework on carbon nanotube and subsequent annealing

Yufeng Xue et al.

CARBON (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Composites

Facile green strategy for improving thermoelectric performance of carbon nanotube/polyaniline composites by ethanol treatment

Pengcheng Li et al.

COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (2020)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Towards efficient design optimization of a miniaturized thermoelectric generator for electrically active implants via model order reduction and submodeling technique

Chengdong Yuan et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (2020)

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Article Polymer Science

Flexible polymer thermoelectric device based on PEDOT:PSS and surface treated pyromellitic dianhydride-oxydianiline polyimide substrate

Juheon Lee et al.

JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE (2020)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Thermally drawn advanced functional fibers: New frontier of flexible electronics

Wei Yan et al.

MATERIALS TODAY (2020)

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Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Thermo-mechanical analysis on thermoelectric legs arrangement of thermoelectric modules

Zhuang Miao et al.

RENEWABLE ENERGY (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Preparation and thermoelectric properties of flexible SWCNT/PEDOT:PSS composite film

Yong Du et al.

SYNTHETIC METALS (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Stretchable fabric generates electric power from woven thermoelectric fibers

Tingting Sun et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

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Review Energy & Fuels

A comprehensive review of Thermoelectric Generators: Technologies and common applications

Nesrine Jaziri et al.

ENERGY REPORTS (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A thin film efficient pn-junction thermoelectric device fabricated by self-align shadow mask

Gilbert Kogo et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2020)

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Article Polymer Science

A Self-Powered Flexible Thermoelectric Sensor and Its Application on the Basis of the Hollow PEDOT:PSS Fiber

Limin Ruan et al.

POLYMERS (2020)

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Article Thermodynamics

Electrical and mechanical analysis of a segmented solar thermoelectric generator under non-uniform heat flux

Samson Shittu et al.

ENERGY (2020)

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Article Thermodynamics

Harvesting solar thermal energy with a micro-gap thermionic-thermoelectric hybrid energy converter: Model development, energy exchange analysis, and performance optimization

Ehsanur Rahman et al.

ENERGY (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

High-Performance Thermoelectric SnSe: Aqueous Synthesis, Innovations, and Challenges

Xiao-Lei Shi et al.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Giant thermopower of ionic gelatin near room temperature

Cheng-Gong Han et al.

SCIENCE (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Flexible metal-free hybrid hydrogel thermoelectric fibers

Jing Liu et al.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

3D printing of conducting polymers

Hyunwoo Yuk et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Elastic conducting polymer composites in thermoelectric modules

Nara Kim et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Emerging Materials and Strategies for Personal Thermal Management

Run Hu et al.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

All-Inorganic Halide Perovskites as Potential Thermoelectric Materials: Dynamic Cation off-Centering Induces Ultralow Thermal Conductivity

Hongyao Xie et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2020)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Topological thermoelectrics

Chenguang Fu et al.

APL MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Semiconductor glass with superior flexibility and high room temperature thermoelectric performance

Shiyang He et al.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Iron-based binary ferromagnets for transverse thermoelectric conversion

Akito Sakai et al.

NATURE (2020)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Advancing Flexible Thermoelectric Devices with Polymer Composites

Zhuoxin Liu et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Thermoelectric Paper: Graphite Pencil Traces on Paper to Fabricate a Thermoelectric Generator

Rafiq Mulla et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES (2020)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Highly Integrable Thermoelectric Fiber

Haifeng Xu et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Single-Crystal SnSe Thermoelectric Fibers via Laser-Induced Directional Crystallization: From 1D Fibers to Multidimensional Fabrics

Jing Zhang et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Advanced Thermoelectric Design: From Materials and Structures to Devices

Xiao-Lei Shi et al.

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Thermoelectric Properties of Semiconducting Polymers

Kelly A. Peterson et al.

Annual Review of Materials Research (2020)

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Review Energy & Fuels

Review of thermoelectric geometry and structure optimization for performance enhancement

Samson Shittu et al.

APPLIED ENERGY (2020)

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Article Energy & Fuels

A fully self-powered wearable monitoring system with systematically optimized flexible thermoelectric generator

Jinfeng Yuan et al.

APPLIED ENERGY (2020)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

Thermoelectric air conditioning undergarment for personal thermal management and HVAC energy saving

Lun Lou et al.

ENERGY AND BUILDINGS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

High-quality textured SnSe thin films for self-powered, rapid-response photothermoelectric application

Yujia Zhong et al.

NANO ENERGY (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Self-powered wearable pressure sensing system for continuous healthcare monitoring enabled by flexible thin-film thermoelectric generator

Yaling Wang et al.

NANO ENERGY (2020)

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Article Thermodynamics

Maximum temperature difference in a single-stage thermoelectric device through distributed transport properties

Doug T. Crane et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES (2020)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Geometrical Structure Optimization Design of High-Performance Bi2Te3-Based Artificially Tilted Multilayer Thermoelectric Devices

Yuzheng Li et al.

JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Significantly enhanced thermoelectric performance of flexible PEDOT nanowire film via coating Te anostructures

Dan Ni et al.

JOURNAL OF MATERIOMICS (2020)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

High-Performance n-Type Carbon Nanotubes Doped by Oxidation of Neighboring Sb2Te3 for a Flexible Thermoelectric Generator

Sohee Kim et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Polymer-Based Low-Temperature Thermoelectric Composites

Khabib Yusupov et al.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Stretchable and Transparent Ionogels with High Thermoelectric Properties

Yuanlai Fang et al.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

High Thermoelectric Performance in n-Type Perylene Bisimide Induced by the Soret Effect

Qinglin Jiang et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Blocking Ion Migration Stabilizes the High Thermoelectric Performance in Cu2Se Composites

Dongwang Yang et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Ferroelectric Instability Induced Ultralow Thermal Conductivity and High Thermoelectric Performance in Rhombohedral p-Type GeSe Crystal

Debattam Sarkar et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2020)

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Review Polymer Science

Recent Progress in Organic Thermoelectric Materials and Devices

Soonyong Lee et al.

MACROMOLECULAR RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Bi 0.5 Sb 1.5 Te 3 /PEDOT:PSS-based fl exible thermoelectric fi lm and device

Yuan Wang et al.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, an ionic-type, water-soluble reducing reagent to effectively improve seebeck coefficient of PEDOT:PSS film

Temesgen Atnafu Yemata et al.

ORGANIC ELECTRONICS (2020)

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Article Polymer Science

Thermoelectric properties of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) with fluorine-containing polyanion as dopant

Ichiro Imae et al.

POLYMER (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Exceptional plasticity in the bulk single-crystalline van der Waals semiconductor InSe

Tian-Ran Wei et al.

SCIENCE (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Screen-printed flexible thermoelectric generator with directional heat collection design

Pin-Shiuan Chang et al.

JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS (2020)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Optimized structure of tubular thermoelectric generators using n-type Bi2Te3 and p-type Sb2Te3 thin films on flexible substrate for energy harvesting

Akihiro Kobayashi et al.

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Flexible 3D Architectured Piezo/Thermoelectric Bimodal Tactile Sensor Array for E-Skin Application

Pengcheng Zhu et al.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Wearable multi-sensing double-chain thermoelectric generator

Dan-Liang Wen et al.

MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING (2020)

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Decoupling phonon and carrier scattering at carbon nanotube/Bi2Te3 interfaces for improved thermoelectric performance

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Solution-processable flexible thermoelectric composite films based on conductive polymer/SnSe0.8S0.2 nanosheets/carbon nanotubes for wearable electronic applications

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Fabrication and excellent performances of Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3/epoxy flexible thermoelectric cooling devices

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Enhancement in thermoelectric properties of Te-embedded Bi2Te3 by preferential phonon scattering in heterostructure interface

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Enhanced thermoelectric properties of polycrystalline Bi2Te3 core fibers with preferentially oriented nanosheets

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Significantly Enhanced Thermoelectric Properties of PEDOT:PSS Films through Sequential Post-Treatments with Common Acids and Bases

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Partial indium solubility induces chemical stability and colossal thermoelectric figure of merit in Cu2Se

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Enhanced thermoelectric properties of flexible Cu2-xSe (x ≥ 0.25) NW/polyvinylidene fluoride composite films fabricated via simple mechanical pressing

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Foldable Thermoelectric Materials: Improvement of the Thermoelectric Performance of Directly Spun CNT Webs by Individual Control of Electrical and Thermal Conductivity

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Chemically Exfoliated SnSe Nanosheets and Their SnSe/Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(styrenesulfonate) Composite Films for Polymer Based Thermoelectric Applications

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Achieving high power factor and output power density in p-type half-Heuslers Nb1-xTixFeSb

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General method of synthesis ultrathin ternary metal chalcogenide nanowires for potential thermoelectric applications

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Hybridized nanogenerator for simultaneously scavenging mechanical and thermal energies by electromagnetic-triboelectric-thermoelectric effects

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Power density optimization for micro thermoelectric generators

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Heat shrink formation of a corrugated thin film thermoelectric generator

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A topology optimization method for a coupled thermal-fluid problem using level set boundary expressions

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Flexible thermoelectric fabrics based on self-assembled tellurium nanorods with a large power factor

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Thermoelectric performance of p-type nanohybrids filled polymer composites

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Flexible n-type thermoelectric films based on Cu-doped Bi2Se3 nanoplate and Polyvinylidene Fluoride composite with decoupled Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity

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Evaluation of power generated by thermoelectric modules comprising a p-type and n-type single walled carbon nanotube composite paper

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Comparison between a Plate and a Tube Bundle Geometry of a Simulated Thermoelectric Generator in the Exhaust Gas System of a Vehicle

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Thermoelectric power enhancement of PEDOT:PSS in high-humidity conditions

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Observation of enhanced carrier transport properties of Si ⟨100⟩-oriented whiskers under uniaxial strains

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High superionic conduction arising from aligned large lamellae and large figure of merit in bulk Cu1.94Al0.02Se

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A wearable thermoelectric generator fabricated on a glass fabric

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Hydrothermal synthesized nanostructure Bi-Sb-Te thermoelectric materials

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Ultralow thermal conductivity and high thermoelectric figure of merit in SnSe crystals

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Inkjet-printed flexible organic thin-film thermoelectric devices based on p- and n-type poly(metal 1,1,2,2-ethenetetrathiolate)s/polymer composites through ball-milling

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Wearable thermoelectric generator for harvesting human body heat energy

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Novel solution-processable, dedoped semiconductors for application in thermoelectric devices

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Transparent and flexible organic semiconductor nanofilms with enhanced thermoelectric efficiency

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PDMS/Kapton Interface Plasma Treatment Effects on the Polymeric Package for a Wearable Thermoelectric Generator

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Improving Electrical Conductivity in Polycarbonate Nanocomposites Using Highly Conductive PEDOT/PSS Coated MWCNTs

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Controlled improvement in specific contact resistivity for thermoelectric materials by ion implantation

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Thermodynamics and thermal stress analysis of thermoelectric power generator: Influence of pin geometry on device performance

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Highly durable all-fiber nanogenerator for mechanical energy harvesting

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Thermoelectric Energy Harvesting of Human Body Heat for Wearable Sensors

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Fabrication and Evaluation of a Skutterudite-Based Thermoelectric Module for High-Temperature Applications

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Diffusion Soldering of Pb-Doped GeTe Thermoelectric Modules with Cu Electrodes Using a Thin-Film Sn Interlayer

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Evaluation on the Power-Generation Capacity of an Implantable Thermoelectric Generator Driven by Radioisotope Fuel

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Synthesis, characterization and enhanced thermoelectric performance of structurally ordered cable-like novel polyaniline-bismuth telluride nanocomposite

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Facile charge carrier adjustment for improving thermopower of doped polyaniline

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Topology optimization approaches A comparative review

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Systematic Conversion of Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes into n-type Thermoelectric Materials by Molecular Dopants

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Understanding of the contact of nanostructured thermoelectric n-type Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 legs for power generation applications

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Validity of rigid band approximation of PbTe thermoelectric materials

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Practical evaluation of organic polymer thermoelectrics by large-area R2R processing on flexible substrates

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Organic Thermoelectric Materials and Devices Based on p- and n-Type Poly(metal 1,1,2,2-ethenetetrathiolate)s

Yimeng Sun et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2012)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Band Engineering of Thermoelectric Materials

Yanzhong Pei et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2012)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

An Aqueous-Chemistry Approach to Nano-Bismuth Telluride and Nano-Antimony Telluride as Thermoelectric Materials

U. Pelz et al.

JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS (2012)

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Review Engineering, Biomedical

A review of wearable sensors and systems with application in rehabilitation

Shyamal Patel et al.

JOURNAL OF NEUROENGINEERING AND REHABILITATION (2012)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Flexible Nanocrystal-Coated Glass Fibers for High-Performance Thermoelectric Energy Harvesting

Daxin Liang et al.

NANO LETTERS (2012)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Multilayered Carbon Nanotube/Polymer Composite Based Thermoelectric Fabrics

Corey A. Hewitt et al.

NANO LETTERS (2012)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Large Thermoelectric Figure-of-Merits from SiGe Nanowires by Simultaneously Measuring Electrical and Thermal Transport Properties

Eun Kyung Lee et al.

NANO LETTERS (2012)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Chip-Level Thermoelectric Power Generators Based on High-Density Silicon Nanowire Array Prepared With Top-Down CMOS Technology

Y. Li et al.

IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS (2011)

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Article Thermodynamics

A three-dimensional numerical model of thermoelectric generators in fluid power systems

Min Chen et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER (2011)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Organic-Inorganic Nanohybrids as Novel Thermoelectric Materials: Hybrids of Polyaniline and Bismuth(III) Telluride Nanoparticles

Naoki Toshima et al.

JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS (2011)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

A Thermoelectric Generator Using Engine Coolant for Light-Duty Internal Combustion Engine-Powered Vehicles

Shiho Kim et al.

JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS (2011)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Fabrication of Thermoelectric Devices by Applying Microsystems Technology

L. M. Goncalves et al.

JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS (2010)

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Module Geometry and Contact Resistance of Thermoelectric Generators Analyzed by Multiphysics Simulation

D. Ebling et al.

JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS (2010)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Design, Fabrication, and Characterization of CMOS MEMS-Based Thermoelectric Power Generators

Jin Xie et al.

JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS (2010)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Water-Processable Polymer-Nanocrystal Hybrids for Thermoelectrics

Kevin C. See et al.

NANO LETTERS (2010)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Fabrication and Characterization of CMOS-MEMS Thermoelectric Micro Generators

Pin-Hsu Kao et al.

SENSORS (2010)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Bi2Te3-Based Flexible Micro Thermoelectric Generator With Optimized Design

Wulf Glatz et al.

JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS (2009)

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Article Physics, Applied

Diffusion of nickel and tin in p-type (Bi,Sb)2Te3 and n-type Bi2(Te,Se)3 thermoelectric materials

Y. C. Lan et al.

APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS (2008)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Fiber-based flexible thermoelectric power generator

A. Yadav et al.

JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES (2008)

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Article Physics, Applied

Suitability of a thermoelectric power generator for implantable medical electronic devices

Yang Yang et al.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS (2007)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Fabrication of flexible thermoelectric microcoolers using planar thin-film technologies

L. M. Goncalves et al.

JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING (2007)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Coin-size coiled-up polymer foil thermoelectric power generator for wearable electronics

J. Weber et al.

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL (2006)

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Article Electrochemistry

Electrochemically deposited thermoelectric n-type Bi2Te3 thin films

BY Yoo et al.

ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA (2005)

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Preparation of Ca3Co4O9 and improvement of its thermoelectric properties by spark plasma sintering

YH Liu et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY (2005)

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Article Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear

Solvothermal synthesis of nano-sized LaxBi(2-x)Te3 thermoelectric powders

XB Zhao et al.

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS (2004)

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Article Thermodynamics

The effects of topology upon fluid-flow and heat-transfer within cellular copper structures

J Tian et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER (2004)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Joining of Mo to CoSb3 by spark plasma sintering by inserting a Ti interlayer

JF Fan et al.

MATERIALS LETTERS (2004)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Thermoelectric microdevice fabricated by a MEMS-like electrochemical process

GJ Snyder et al.

NATURE MATERIALS (2003)

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Article Physics, Applied

Novel high performance small-scale thermoelectric power generation employing regenerative combustion systems

FJ Weinberg et al.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS (2002)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

The role of lithium batteries in modem health care

CF Holmes

JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES (2001)

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Article Polymer Science

Chemical durability of polyimide blend films

S Niyogi et al.

POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY (2000)

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