Realizing the multi functional metamaterial for fluid flow in a porous medium

Metamaterials are artificial materials that can achieve unusual properties through In uniquesearch of structures.redox Inmechanismsparticular, in theirbre t cancer,invisibility w propertyuncovered hsa strikingattracted role forenormous glu-tahioneattention dueperoxidasetoits 2little or(GPx2) innegligible oncogenic disturbancesignalingto theand patientbackground survivalfield thatGPx2 avoidsloss detection.stimulates Thsmalignant invisibilityprogre sionfeature due isto notreactiveonly oxygenuseful forthespecies/hyoxi-inducopticalfield, lebut facit isor also1-alpha/VEGFAimportant foranysignaling,field causig manipulationpoor perfusionthat requiresand hypoxa,minimum which weedisturbanc reversedto theby background, such as the flow field maipulation inside the human body. There are GPx2 re-expression or HIF1 alpha inhibition. Ingenu ty Pathway Analysis revealed a ink sveral conventinal invisible metamaterial designs: a clok can isolate the influece between GPx2 loss, tumor angiogenesis, metabolic modulation, and HIF1 alpha signaling. betwen the interand external fields, a cncentator can concentrate the external Single-cell RNA analysis and bioenergeti profiling revealed that GPx2 lo s stimulated field to form an inesified internal fied, and a rotator an rtate the innal field by the Warburg effect in most tumor cell populations, except for one c uster which was a secific angle with respect to the externafield. However, a ultifunctional invisible capable of oxidative phosphorylation and gl ycolysis, as confirmed by discrete co-expres-device that can continuously tune across all these fuctonhas never been realized due sion of phosphorylated AMPK and GLUT1 These findings underscore a unique role for to its challenging requirements on material properties. Inside a porous mdium flow, redox signaling by GPx2 dysregulat on in breast cancer, underlying tumor heterogeneity, however,weovercomethesechallengesandrealizesuchamultifunctional metamaterial. leading to metabolic plasticity and malignant progression. Our hydrodynamic device can manipulate both the magnitude and the direction of the internal flow and, at the same time, make negligible disturbance to the external breast cancer | progress on glutathione peroxidase 2 | react ve oxygen species | hypoxia | flow. Thus, we integrate the functions of the cloak, concentrator, and rotator within HIF1 alpha| VEG A | angiogenesis | oxidative phosphorylation glycolysis | sc NA seq | me abolic one single hydrodynamic metamaterial, and such metamaterials may find potential p ity applications in biomedical areas such as tissue engineering and drug release.

Automated summary

Metamaterials are artificial materials with unique structures that can achieve special properties. In breast cancer research, the invisibility of glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPx2) has attracted attention for its significant role in cancer cell signaling and patient survival. The study discovered various designs of invisible metamaterials and successfully realized a multifunctional hydrodynamic metamaterial, which may have potential applications in tissue engineering and drug release.