Conformal Boundary Conditions of Symmetry-Enriched Quantum Critical Spin Chains

Some quantum critical states cannot be smoothly deformed into each other without either crossing some multicritical points or explicitly breaking certain symmetries even if they belong to the same universality class. This brings up the notion of symmetry-enriched quantum criticality. While recent works in the literature focused on critical states with robust degenerate edge modes, we propose that the conformal boundary condition (B.C.) is a more generic characteristic of such quantum critical states. We show that in two families of quantum spin chains, which generalize the Ising and the three-state Potts models, the quantum critical point between a symmetry-protected topological phase and a symmetry-breaking order realizes a conformal B.C. distinct from the simple Ising and Potts chains. Furthermore, we argue that the conformal B.C. can be derived from the bulk effective field theory, which realizes a novel bulk-boundary correspondence in symmetry-enriched quantum critical states.

Automated summary

Some quantum critical states cannot be smoothly deformed into each other without either crossing multicritical points or explicitly breaking certain symmetries, even if they belong to the same universality class. This leads to the concept of symmetry-enriched quantum criticality. In this study, we propose that the conformal boundary condition (B.C.) is a more generic characteristic of such quantum critical states. We demonstrate in two families of quantum spin chains that the quantum critical point between a symmetry-protected topological phase and a symmetry-breaking order realizes a conformal B.C. distinct from the simple Ising and Potts chains. Furthermore, we argue that the conformal B.C. can be derived from the bulk effective field theory, which presents a novel bulk-boundary correspondence in symmetry-enriched quantum critical states.