The NLRP3 inflammasome in depression: Potential mechanisms and therapies

Increasing evidence suggests that the failure of clinical antidepressants may be related with neuroinflammation. The NOD-, LRR-and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is an intracellular multiprotein complex, and has been considered as a key contributor to the development of neuroinflammation. Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome is an effective method for depression treatment. In this review, we summarized current researches highlighting the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathology of depression. Firstly, we discussed NLRP3 inflammasome activation in patients with depression and animal models. Secondly, we outlined the possible mechanisms driving the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Thirdly, we discussed the pathogenetic role of NLRP3 inflammasome in depression. Finally, we overviewed the current and potential antidepressants targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome. Overall, the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation may be a potential therapeutic strategy for inflammation-related depression.

Automated summary

Increasing evidence suggests that neuroinflammation may be a contributing factor to the failure of clinical antidepressants. The NLRP3 inflammasome, a multiprotein complex, has been identified as a key player in the development of neuroinflammation. Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation presents a promising therapeutic strategy for depression. This review summarizes current research on the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in depression pathology, including its activation in patients and animal models, potential driving mechanisms, and its pathogenetic role in depression. Additionally, it provides an overview of current and potential antidepressants targeting NLRP3 inflammasome.