Topoisomerase II beta binding protein 1 serves as a novel prognostic biomarker for stage II-III colorectal cancer patients

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

DNA Replication Licensing Factors: Novel Targets for Cancer Therapy via Inhibiting the Stemness of Cancer Cells

Shaoran Song et al.

Summary: Replication licensing factors play a crucial role in regulating DNA replication and may be involved in the occurrence and development of cancer, as well as impacting the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

LncRNA OGFRP1 promotes cell proliferation and suppresses cell radiosensitivity in gastric cancer by targeting the miR-149-5p/MAP3K3 axis

Huihao Qin et al.

Summary: This study revealed that OGFRP1 is highly expressed in gastric cancer, and it promotes cell proliferation, suppresses apoptosis, and decreases radiosensitivity of gastric cancer cells through the regulation of the miR-149-5p/MAP3K3 axis.

JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR HISTOLOGY (2022)

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Article Biology

Phosphoproteomics of ATR signaling in mouse testes

Jennie R. Sims et al.

Summary: The kinase ATR plays a crucial role in mammalian meiosis by promoting meiotic progression and coordinating key events in DNA repair and quality control. This study used phosphoproteomics to identify ATR signaling events and found ATR-dependent phosphorylation in DNA repair proteins and mRNA regulatory proteins. The study also highlighted the importance of ATR signaling in the proper localization of CDK2 in spermatocytes.

ELIFE (2022)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Methylated septin 9 gene is an important prognostic marker in stage II and stage III colorectal cancer for evaluating local recurrence or distant metastasis after surgery

Mingliang Huang et al.

Summary: This study found that positive expression of methylated septin 9 gene (mSEPT9) was associated with poor prognosis in stage II and III colorectal cancer patients. mSEPT9 was also identified as an independent predictor of prognosis and a useful addition to TNM staging in predicting disease-free survival after surgery.

BMC GASTROENTEROLOGY (2022)

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Article Oncology

TBX20 inhibits colorectal cancer tumorigenesis by impairing NHEJ-mediated DNA repair

Jie Luo et al.

Summary: The study reveals that TBX20 is downregulated in early-stage colorectal carcinoma (CRC) tissues and is associated with poor prognosis. TBX20 suppresses cell proliferation and tumor growth in CRC cells by inhibiting the non-homologous DNA end joining (NHEJ)-mediated repair. This research uncovers the tumor-suppressive role of TBX20 in CRC and provides a potential biomarker for predicting prognosis and a therapeutic target for combination therapy in early-stage CRC patients.

CANCER SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Cancer statistics in China and United States, 2022: profiles, trends, and determinants

Changfa Xia et al.

Summary: The study compared the latest cancer profiles, trends, and determinants between China and the USA in 2022. China has a higher incidence of lung cancer, while the USA has more cases of breast cancer. Recent years have seen a significant decrease in lung and colorectal cancer rates in the USA, while liver cancer rates have slightly increased. In China, rates for stomach, liver, and esophageal cancer have decreased gradually, but colorectal cancer rates have increased for the whole population.

CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

TOPBP1 regulates resistance of gastric cancer to oxaliplatin by promoting transcription of PARP1

Zejun Fang et al.

Summary: This study reveals a novel mechanism of platinum-based chemotherapy resistance in gastric cancer by demonstrating that the TOPBP1/PARP1 pathway facilitates the acquisition of oxaliplatin resistance.

DNA REPAIR (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Delineation of a minimal topoisomerase II binding protein 1 for regulated activation of ATR at DNA double-strand breaks

Kenna Ruis et al.

Summary: TOPBP1 is an important activator of ATR kinase that contains nine BRCT domains and an AAD domain, playing a role in ATR activation through protein-protein interactions. The delineation of TOPBP1 Junior, composed of BRCT0-2, AAD, and BRCT7 & 8, provides insight into the mechanism of ATR activation.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

AP4 suppresses DNA damage, chromosomal instability and senescence via inducing MDC1/Mediator of DNA damage Checkpoint 1 and repressing MIR22HG/miR-22-3p

Jinjiang Chou et al.

Summary: The study reveals the relevance of AP4 in colorectal cancer cells, showing that AP4 deficiency increases DNA damage, chromosomal instability, and cellular senescence, while also influencing the sensitivity of CRC cells to 5-FU treatment.

MOLECULAR CANCER (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Identification and validation of prognosis-associated DNA repair gene signatures in colorectal cancer

Dingli Song et al.

Summary: This study aimed to predict the overall survival of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) by constructing a gene signature related to DNA repair. By analyzing differentially expressed genes, a signature of DRGs was identified that could classify patients into high-risk and low-risk groups. This signature had independent prognostic value and was associated with immune score and drug sensitivity.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2022)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

DNA Repair-Related Gene Signature in Predicting Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer Patients

Min-Yi Lv et al.

Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of DNA repair-related gene signature (DRGS) on the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Through the analysis of gene expression profiles, a DRGS consisting of 11 genes was constructed to stratify patients into high- and low-risk groups. The results showed that patients in the high-risk group had worse disease-free survival. The validation of the model suggested that the low-risk group had better response to chemotherapy drugs and immune therapy.

FRONTIERS IN GENETICS (2022)

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Review Oncology

Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis: The Obstacles We Face in Determining a Non-Invasive Test and Current Advances in Biomarker Detection

Faddy Kamel et al.

Summary: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a commonly occurring cancer that originates from adenomatous polyps. Current detection methods, such as colonoscopy, are invasive and uncomfortable. While some molecular biomarkers have been approved for use, the development of non-invasive and highly specific biomarkers for early detection and screening is urgently needed. This review evaluates the current methods and availability of biomarkers, and discusses the potential of transcriptome analysis in discovering differential gene expression in CRC.

CANCERS (2022)

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Review Oncology

Colorectal cancer carcinogenesis: From bench to bedside

Pedro Currais et al.

Summary: Colorectal cancer is a major cause of cancer death in developed countries, but potentially preventable through early intervention. It is a heterogeneous disease with multiple molecular subtypes, characterized by pathways like chromosomal instability, microsatellite instability, and serrated pathways. Molecular and genetic classifications of CRC have significant clinical implications.

WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL ONCOLOGY (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Deubiquitinase OTUD6A promotes breast cancer progression by increasing TopBP1 stability and rendering tumor cells resistant to DNA-damaging therapy

Yan Zhao et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates that OTUD6A plays a critical role in promoting tumor cell resistance to chemoradiotherapy by deubiquitinating and stabilizing TopBP1. Dysregulation of OTUD6A expression is associated with breast cancer development.

CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

HLA-G as a prognostic marker in stage II/III colorectal cancer: not quite there yet

Alessandro Gambella et al.

Summary: This study aims to evaluate the expression and prognostic potential of HLA-G in stage II/III CRCs. The results show heterogeneous expression of HLA-G and a significant association with poor tumor differentiation in the right-sided CRC subgroup. Survival analysis reveals a reduced disease-free survival rate in CRC-related death cases.

HISTOCHEMISTRY AND CELL BIOLOGY (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Microsatellite Instability: From the Implementation of the Detection to a Prognostic and Predictive Role in Cancers

Martina Amato et al.

Summary: Microsatellite instability (MSI) is common in cancer and predicts sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Different MSI testing methods are used in clinical practice.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2022)

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Article Oncology

High Expression of CUL9 Is Prognostic and Predictive for Adjuvant Chemotherapy in High-Risk Stage II and Stage III Colon Cancer

Peng Zheng et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the clinical implications of CUL9 expression in colon cancer patients, particularly its prognostic and predictive value for postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. The results showed that high CUL9 expression was an independent prognostic factor for survival outcomes and could help identify high-risk patients who would benefit from standard 6-month chemotherapy regimens.

CANCERS (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The Chromatin Remodeler HELLS: A New Regulator in DNA Repair, Genome Maintenance, and Cancer

Estanislao Peixoto et al.

Summary: Robust and tightly regulated DNA repair is crucial for maintaining genome stability and preventing cancer. HELLS, a chromatin remodeler, plays important roles in DNA repair, genome stability, and cancer-associated pathways.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2022)

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Review Oncology

Tumor Biomarker Testing for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: a Canadian Consensus Practice Guideline

Irene S. Yu et al.

Summary: The management of metastatic colorectal cancer has shifted from traditional chemotherapy to targeted therapies and immunotherapy. Understanding the genetic mutations in colorectal cancer has led to the development of predictive biomarkers for treatment response, with KRAS mutations being the first established genomic biomarker. There is a need for updated guidelines on biomarker testing in mCRC to reflect current standards.

THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (2022)

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Article Oncology

Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries

Hyuna Sung et al.

Summary: The global cancer burden in 2020 saw an estimated 19.3 million new cancer cases and almost 10.0 million cancer deaths. Female breast cancer surpassed lung cancer as the most commonly diagnosed cancer, while lung cancer remained the leading cause of cancer death. These trends are expected to rise in 2040, with transitioning countries experiencing a larger increase compared to transitioned countries due to demographic changes and risk factors associated with globalization and a growing economy. Efforts to improve cancer prevention measures and provision of cancer care in transitioning countries will be crucial for global cancer control.

CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS (2021)

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Article Surgery

Survival in stage IIB/C compared to stage IIIA rectal cancer: an Australian experience affirming that size does matter

Marie Shella De Robles et al.

Summary: This study reviewed data of rectal cancer patients from three centers from 2006 to 2018, finding that stage IIB/C patients had higher CEA levels, larger primary rectal tumors, and more symptoms compared to other stages. Preoperative CEA was identified as an independent prognostic factor for cancer-specific survival.

ANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY (2021)

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Article Oncology

Fusobacterium Nucleatum Promotes the Development of Colorectal Cancer by Activating a Cytochrome P450/Epoxyoctadecenoic Acid Axis via TLR4/Keapl/NRF2 Signaling

Cheng Kong et al.

Summary: The study uncovers a mechanism by which Fusobacterium nucleatum regulates colorectal cancer metabolism to promote EMT and metastasis through activating the TLR4/Keap1/NRF2 axis to increase CYP2J2 and 12,13-EpOME. These findings provide potential therapeutic targets for patients infected with Fusobacterium nucleatum, highlighting the clinical utility of the CYP2J2/12,13-EpOME axis in colorectal cancer.

CANCER RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Oncology

CIP2A Interacts with TopBP1 and Drives Basal-Like Breast Cancer Tumorigenesis

Anni Laine et al.

Summary: CIP2A plays a crucial role in basal-like breast cancer by influencing DNA damage-induced mitotic checkpoint and cell proliferation, driving disease initiation and progression.

CANCER RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Circ_0006988 promotes the proliferation, metastasis and angiogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer cells by modulating miR-491-5p/MAP3K3 axis

Chao Yang et al.

Summary: Circ_0006988 is overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and cells, and its silencing inhibits tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and induces apoptosis. Circ_0006988 acts as a sponge for miR-491-5p, which in turn targets MAP3K3, contributing to NSCLC progression.

CELL CYCLE (2021)

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Article Oncology