Journal
OCULAR IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION
Volume -, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2023.2165950
Keywords
Chemokines; collagen cross-linking; cornea; cytokines; inflammation; keratoconus
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Comparing tear cytokine and chemokine levels in keratoconus (KC) patients and controls can help us understand the etiology more clearly and clarify the molecular changes after cross-linking (CXL).
ObjectivesTo compare tear cytokine and chemokine levels of keratoconus (KC) patients with controls to perceive etiology distinctly and to clarify the molecular changes after cross-linking (CXL).MethodsTear samples were gathered from 34 participants in this prospective study. Participants underwent anterior and posterior segment examinations with slit-lamp biomicroscopy. Patients were assessed by corneal topography before and 3 months after CXL. Flat (K-1), steep (K-2), and average keratometry (K-mean), cylinder (CYL), and central corneal thickness (CCT) values were evaluated. After 3 months from CXL, samples were re-collected, and comparisons were made with preoperative values.ResultsLevels of IFN-gamma, IL-8, IL-12, IL-17, TNF-alpha, IL-4 and IL-13 were detected higher in KC patients (p= 0.008, p= 0.047, p= 0.001, p= 0.001, p= 0.001, p= 0.001, p= 0.027, respectively). After CXL IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, TNF-alpha levels showed significant decrease (p= 0.005, p= 0.045, p= 0.010, p= 0.022, p= 0.001, p=0.002, respectively). As for the topographic measurements, postoperative CCT values were increased whereas K-mean reduced after CXL (p < 0.001, p = 0.015, respectively). (p= 0.001, p= 0.027, respectively).ConclusionOur findings imply that inflammation plays a key role in the development of KC and that this link is influenced by CXL therapy.
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