Equation of state and Joule-Thompson expansion for the FRW universe in the brane world scenario

We study the thermodynamic properties of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe in the brane world scenario, concentrating on the Randall-Sundrum II model. From the first law of thermodynamics for the FRW universe, we find that the work density W can be identified with the thermodynamic pressure P. We construct the equation of state P = P(V, T ) for the FRW universe in the brane world scenario, which does not show P-V phase transition. We further study the Joule-Thompson expansion of the FRW universe, and derive the Joule-Thompson coefficient, which has an inversion point that is affected by the brane tension. These results could provide new ways to test the brane world scenario and extra dimension. (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons .org /licenses /by /4 .0/). Funded by SCOAP3.

Automated summary

We investigate the thermodynamic properties of the FRW universe in the brane world scenario, with a focus on the Randall-Sundrum II model. By applying the first law of thermodynamics to the FRW universe, we establish a relationship between the work density and the thermodynamic pressure. We construct the equation of state for the FRW universe, which does not exhibit a phase transition. Additionally, we study the Joule-Thompson expansion and determine the Joule-Thompson coefficient, which is influenced by the brane tension. These findings offer novel means to test the brane world scenario and extra dimensions.