Journal
CELL
Volume 161, Issue 2, Pages 291-306Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.02.019
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation (NNSF) of China [31430044, 31230020, 91413112]
- Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of China [2011CB910900, 2012CB524900]
- Shanghai Science and Technology Committee [13XD1404100]
- 10,000 Talents Plan
- National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), Australia [APP1041301]
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Cholesterol is dynamically transported among organelles, which is essential for multiple cellular functions. However, the mechanism underlying intracellular cholesterol transport has remained largely unknown. We established an amphotericin B-based assay enabling a genome-wide shRNA screen for delayed LDL-cholesterol transport and identified 341 hits with particular enrichment of peroxisome genes, suggesting a previously unappreciated pathway for cholesterol transport. We show dynamic membrane contacts between peroxisome and lysosome, which are mediated by lysosomal Synaptotagmin VII binding to the lipid PI(4,5)P-2 on peroxisomal membrane. LDL-cholesterol enhances such contacts, and cholesterol is transported from lysosome to peroxisome. Disruption of critical peroxisome genes leads to cholesterol accumulation in lysosome. Together, these findings reveal an unexpected role of peroxisome in intracellular cholesterol transport. We further demonstrate massive cholesterol accumulation in human patient cells and mouse model of peroxisomal disorders, suggesting a contribution of abnormal cholesterol accumulation to these diseases.
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