Bodywide ecological interventions on cancer

Article Oncology

The allergy mediator histamine confers resistance to immunotherapy in cancer patients via activation of the macrophage histamine receptor H1

Hongzhong Li et al.

Summary: Antihistamines can improve survival in cancer patients by reversing T cell dysfunction through modulation of histamine receptor H1 (HRH1), thereby enhancing immunotherapy responses.

CANCER CELL (2022)

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Article Oncology

Clonal Hematopoiesis Mutations in Patients with Lung Cancer Are Associated with Lung Cancer Risk Factors

Wei Hong et al.

Summary: Analysis of whole-exome sequencing data reveals correlations between clonal hematopoiesis and lung cancer risk factors, identifies genetic variants associated with clonal hematopoiesis, and uncovers numerous potential novel clonal hematopoiesis mutations.

CANCER RESEARCH (2022)

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Review Cell Biology

The hallmarks of cancer metabolism: Still emerging

Natalya N. Pavlova et al.

Summary: The metabolism of cancer cells is highly adaptable, allowing them to sustain growth and proliferation. This adaptation can also influence the behavior of non-transformed cells in the tumor vicinity.

CELL METABOLISM (2022)

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Article Oncology

Metabolomic Biomarkers in Blood Samples Identify Cancers in a Mixed Population of Patients with Nonspecific Symptoms

James R. Larkin et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates that biomarkers within the blood metabolome analyzed by NMR metabolomics can aid in the early diagnosis of cancer and distinguish between patients with and without metastatic disease in a mixed population of patients referred from primary care.

CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

Cancer-cell-derived GABA promotes beta-catenin-mediated tumour growth and immunosuppression

De Huang et al.

Summary: Huang et al. report that cancer cells can rewire glutamine metabolism to synthesize the neurotransmitter GABA, which activates beta-catenin and suppresses T-cell infiltration, promoting tumor growth and leading to resistance to immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Targeting GAD1 or GABA(B)R can overcome this resistance and improve treatment outcomes.

NATURE CELL BIOLOGY (2022)

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Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Targeting cancer metabolism in the era of precision oncology

Zachary E. Stine et al.

Summary: In the past century, there have been significant advancements in targeting cancer metabolism, but progress in the past decade has been limited. Some metabolism-based drugs for cancer have been successfully developed and are in clinical trials. However, consideration of the metabolism of non-cancer cells is crucial for successful treatment of cancer.

NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY (2022)

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Article Respiratory System

Tumour-infiltrating bystander CD8+ T cells activated by IL-15 contribute to tumour control in non-small cell lung cancer

Galam Leem et al.

Summary: The study found virus-specific bystander CD8(+) TILs in human NSCLC tissues, and demonstrated that IL-15 treatment can activate these TILs to produce IFN-gamma. IL-15 treatment reduced tumor nodules in MCMV-infected mice, suggesting a potential for IL-15 to be repurposed for tumor immunotherapy using bystander CD8(+) TILs.

THORAX (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Multiplexed nanomaterial-assisted laser desorption/ionization for pan-cancer diagnosis and classification

Hua Zhang et al.

Summary: As cancer is increasingly seen as a metabolic disorder, serum metabolite profiling is proposed as a viable method for detecting cancer. In this study, a machine learning model using mass spectrometry-based liquid biopsy data is reported for pan-cancer screening and classification. The Multiplexed Nanomaterial-Assisted LDI for Cancer Identification (MNALCI) achieves high sensitivity and specificity for distinguishing cancers from healthy controls and accurately identifying the tissue of origin of tumors. This high throughput assay shows promising potential for non-invasive cancer diagnosis.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

SM-Omics is an automated platform for high-throughput spatial multi-omics

S. Vickovic et al.

Summary: The spatial organization of cells and molecules is crucial for tissue function and disease. Spatial transcriptomics, a technique for capturing and locating RNA in tissues, has been advanced with the development of a fully automated platform called Spatial Multi-Omics (SM-Omics). SM-Omics combines spatial transcriptomics and antibody-based protein measurement, allowing high-throughput analysis of multiple omics in a short time.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Oncology

Fasting- Mimicking Diet Is Safe and Reshapes Metabolism and Antitumor Immunity in Patients with Cancer

Claudio Vernieri et al.

Summary: Cyclic fasting or fasting-mimicking diets (FMD) enhance antineoplastic treatments by modulating systemic metabolism and boosting antitumor immunity. In a clinical trial, the five-day FMD was found to be safe and resulted in consistent decrease of blood glucose and growth factor concentration, recapitulating metabolic changes observed in preclinical experiments. The FMD also reshapes anticancer immunity and improves clinical outcomes in patients with cancer.

CANCER DISCOVERY (2022)

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Article Oncology

Cancer Induces a Stress Ileopathy Depending on β-Adrenergic Receptors and Promoting Dysbiosis that Contributes to Carcinogenesis

Satoru Yonekura et al.

Summary: Malignant processes can cause atrophy of the ileal mucosa, leading to dysbiosis of the microbiome. Blocking beta-adrenergic receptors and reducing gut microbiota can prevent cancer-induced ileopathy and slow tumor growth.

CANCER DISCOVERY (2022)

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Review Oncology

Hallmarks of Cancer: New Dimensions

Douglas Hanahan

Summary: The concept of the hallmarks of cancer is a tool for simplifying the complexity of cancer phenotypes and genotypes into basic principles. This article proposes phenotypic plasticity and disrupted differentiation as distinct hallmark capabilities, and discusses nonmutational epigenetic reprogramming and polymorphic microbiomes as enabling characteristics. Additionally, the importance of senescent cells in the tumor microenvironment is highlighted. The integrative concept of the hallmarks of cancer helps in understanding the mechanisms of cancer development and applying that knowledge to cancer medicine.

CANCER DISCOVERY (2022)

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Article Oncology

Circulating cytokines associated with clinical outcomes in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients who received chemoimmunotherapy

Yuequan Shi et al.

Summary: In patients with advanced NSCLC receiving chemoimmunotherapy, increased levels of IL-1 beta and IFN-gamma during treatment may indicate positive treatment efficacy, while increased levels of IL-6 during treatment could predict worse clinical outcomes.

THORACIC CANCER (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Association of β-Blocker Use at Time of Radical Prostatectomy With Rate of Treatment for Prostate Cancer Recurrence

Shivanthe Sivanesan et al.

Summary: The use of nonselective beta-blockers (nsBBs) at the time of radical prostatectomy was associated with a lower risk of treatment initiation for cancer recurrence.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2022)

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Article Oncology

Impact of acetaminophen on the efficacy of immunotherapy in cancer patients

A. Bessede et al.

Summary: The study reveals that acetaminophen (APAP) may suppress antitumor immunity and impact the efficacy of immunotherapy in cancer patients.

ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY (2022)

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Review Microbiology

Translating Microbiome Research From and To the Clinic

Zhenrun J. Zhang et al.

Summary: This study reviews recent research on the influence of the gut microbiota on human health and disease susceptibility and resistance. It discusses the association between gut microbiota and certain human diseases and highlights translational advances in using gut microbiota to treat diseases. The opportunities and challenges in translating microbiome research from and to the bedside are also discussed.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Oncology

A propensity score-matched analysis of the impact of statin therapy on the outcomes of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer receiving anti-PD-1 monotherapy: a multicenter retrospective study

Kazuki Takada et al.

Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the data of patients with advanced or recurrent NSCLC who received anti-PD-1 monotherapy to investigate the impact of statin therapy on their survival. The results showed that statin therapy was associated with longer overall survival in these patients, but had no significant effect on progression-free survival. However, statin therapy was not an independent favorable prognostic factor.

BMC CANCER (2022)

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Article Oncology

Interleukin-6 blockade abrogates immunotherapy toxicity and promotes tumor immunity

Yared Hailemichael et al.

Summary: Immune checkpoint blockade therapy can cause immune-related adverse events. IL-6 expression is higher in colitis and Th17 cells are more prevalent in immune-related enterocolitis. Anti-CTLA-4 induces stronger Th17 memory in colitis than anti-PD-1. In mouse models, IL-6 blockade enhances tumor control and increases CD4(+)/CD8(+) effector T cell density, while reducing Th17, macrophages, and myeloid cells. Combined IL-6 blockade and ICB enhances tumor rejection and mitigates EAE symptoms. IL-6 blockade with ICB can decouple autoimmunity from antitumor immunity.

CANCER CELL (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

The microbial metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide promotes antitumor immunity in triple-negative breast cancer

Hai Wang et al.

Summary: The metabolite TMAO in the microbiota of breast cancer patients enhances the response to immunotherapy by promoting an activated immune microenvironment.

CELL METABOLISM (2022)

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Review Immunology

Cross-reactivity between microbial and tumor antigens

Laurence Zitvogel et al.

Summary: The composition of the gut microbiota has a significant impact on anticancer immunosurveillance. This is due to the systemic effects of bacterial or fungal metabolites, as well as microbial ligand interactions with receptors that modulate the immune system. Microbial antigens can also induce specific T cell responses, leading to antitumor immune responses.

CURRENT OPINION IN IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Aspirin Use and the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma A Meta-analysis

Yikai Wang et al.

Summary: The use of aspirin is associated with a lower risk of liver cancer. Aspirin reduces the risk of HCC in Asian and Western populations, as well as after hepatitis B and C virus infections. It also has protective effects on people with chronic liver disease and the general population.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Androgen receptor activity in T cells limits checkpoint blockade efficacy

Xiangnan Guan et al.

Summary: Immune checkpoint blockade has revolutionized oncology by inducing durable anti-tumour immunity. In advanced prostate cancer patients, immunotherapy treatments have largely failed. However, inhibiting androgen receptor activity can increase the sensitivity of tumor-bearing hosts to checkpoint blockade therapy by enhancing CD8 T cell function and improving responsiveness to PD-1 targeted therapy.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Environmental factors shaping the gut microbiome in a Dutch population

R. Gacesa et al.

Summary: This study analyzed the gut microbiome of 8,208 individuals from the Netherlands and found that the microbiome is primarily shaped by the environment and cohabitation. Only about 6.6% of microbial taxa are heritable, while around 48.6% of taxa are significantly influenced by cohabitation. Additionally, the study identified numerous associations between the microbiome and health, diet, socioeconomic factors, and early-life and current exposome.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

β-Hydroxybutyrate suppresses colorectal cancer

Oxana Dmitrieva-Posocco et al.

Summary: The study identifies a metabolite signalling pathway that can be used as a strategy for preventing and treating colorectal cancer. Ketogenic diets and the ketone body BHB show a strong inhibitory effect on tumor growth by reducing cell proliferation. The findings suggest that BHB-triggered pathway could play a crucial role in regulating intestinal tumorigenesis.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Gut microbiome correlates of response and toxicity following anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy

Melody Smith et al.

Summary: This study investigated the changes in the intestinal microbiome of patients with B cell lymphoma and leukemia after receiving anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy, and found that these changes are associated with clinical outcomes.

NATURE MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Cross-cohort gut microbiome associations with immune checkpoint inhibitor response in advanced melanoma

Karla A. Lee et al.

Summary: An analysis of metagenomic sequencing of stool samples reveals the association between gut microbiome and response to immune checkpoint blockade therapy in melanoma patients. However, there is limited consistency in the microbiome-based signatures across different populations. Future studies should consider larger sample sizes and examine the complex interplay between clinical factors and the gut microbiome.

NATURE MEDICINE (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Targeting the gut and tumor microbiota in cancer

Elizabeth M. Park et al.

Summary: This review highlights the potential of targeting microorganisms in personalized cancer care, the impact of microbes on cancer immunosurveillance and immunotherapy, and the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting the microbiota. Evaluating a patient's microbial composition and function will be crucial in future multidisciplinary and precision medicine approaches.

NATURE MEDICINE (2022)

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Review Oncology

B cells and tertiary lymphoid structures as determinants of tumour immune contexture and clinical outcome

Wolf H. Fridman et al.

Summary: B cells play a critical role in the tumor microenvironment, particularly within tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS). The presence of mature TLS, high density of B cells and plasma cells, and antibodies targeting tumor-associated antigens are associated with favorable clinical outcomes and response to immunotherapy. However, polyclonal B cell activation can lead to pro-inflammatory responses. Novel therapeutic approaches are being explored to enhance the development of TLS and anti-tumor B cells for cancer therapy.

NATURE REVIEWS CLINICAL ONCOLOGY (2022)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Exerkines in health, resilience and disease

Lisa S. Chow et al.

Summary: This Review summarizes the importance and current state of exerkine research, highlighting the potential roles of exerkines in improving cardiovascular, metabolic, immune, and neurological health. Exerkines are signaling molecules released during exercise, which have the potential for the treatment of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and to facilitate healthy aging.

NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY (2022)

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Review Oncology

Molecular factors governing perineural invasion in malignancy

Navid Ahmadi et al.

Summary: This article systematically reviews the literature to identify neurotrophic biomarkers that can be used to predict the biologic potential of perinueral invasion (PNI). Various molecular markers and pathways associated with PNI are examined. The review highlights the gaps in current understanding of PNI pathogenesis and identifies areas for future research.

SURGICAL ONCOLOGY-OXFORD (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Neoantigen-specific CD8 T cell responses in the peripheral blood following PD-L1 blockade might predict therapy outcome in metastatic urothelial carcinoma

Jeppe Sejero Holm et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates that the expansion of neoantigen-specific CD8(+) T cells can distinguish between patients with controlled disease and progressive disease in metastatic urothelial carcinoma treated with PD-L1 blockade. Furthermore, the peripheral NARTs derived from patients with disease control exhibit specific cell phenotypes and increased CD39 levels, suggesting their association with treatment response.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Hypoxia-activated neuropeptide Y/Y5 receptor/RhoA pathway triggers chromosomal instability and bone metastasis in Ewing sarcoma

Congyi Lu et al.

Summary: The study found that in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment, the neuropeptide Y/Y5 receptor pathway is activated, which leads to cytokinesis defects and chromosomal instability in Ewing sarcoma cells, promoting bone metastasis.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

A Meta-Analysis of Statin Use and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Yikai Wang et al.

Summary: This meta-analysis study found that the use of statins is closely associated with a lower risk of liver cancer. Statin users, both in Asian and Western populations, have a reduced risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma. Statins also have protective effects after hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections. In addition, statins are beneficial for individuals with chronic liver disease and the general population. Lipophilic statins have a significant preventive effect on hepatocellular carcinoma, while hydrophilic statins do not show a clear effect.

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY (2022)

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Article Oncology

1α,25(OH)2D3 reverses exhaustion and enhances antitumor immunity of human cytotoxic T cells

Peng Li et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates that serum vitamin D level is negatively correlated with the expression of PD-1, TIGIT, and Tim-3, while positively correlated with the expression of CD28 on CD8(+) and V gamma 9V delta 2(+) T cells in patients with NSCLC. The active form of vitamin D, 1 alpha,25(OH)(2)D-3, promotes the nuclear translocation of VDR and inhibits the expression of ICRs by binding to their promoter regions. In addition, VDR-mediated Ca2+ influx enhances Th1 cytokine production and increases antitumor immunity in T cells. Overall, this research highlights the pleiotropic effects of 1 alpha,25(OH)(2)D-3 in rescuing exhausted cytotoxic T cells and promoting antitumor immunity in patients with tumor.

JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER (2022)

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Article Oncology

Immune system and intestinal microbiota determine efficacy of androgen deprivation therapy against prostate cancer

Safae Terrisse et al.

Summary: Thymus-derived T lymphocytes and the intestinal microbiota play important roles in the efficacy of androgen deprivation therapy.

JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER (2022)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Outcomes Among Patients With or Without Obesity and With Cancer Following Treatment With Immune Checkpoint Blockade

Seong-Keun Yoo et al.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2022)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Butyrate, a postbiotic of intestinal bacteria, affects pancreatic cancer and gemcitabine response in in vitro and in vivo models

Concetta Panebianco et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates the potential role of butyrate in the treatment of pancreatic cancer, showing that it can enhance the effectiveness of chemotherapy while reducing associated damages, as well as improving liver and kidney function.

BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY (2022)

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Review Oncology

Non-aspirin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in colorectal cancer: a review of clinical studies

Farzana Y. Zaman et al.

Summary: Aspirin has been shown to play a beneficial role in preventing CRC, while non-aspirin NSAIDs have also been studied and found to potentially decrease CRC incidence in certain high-risk subgroups. However, the use of non-aspirin NSAIDs may come with increased risks of toxicity. Further studies are needed to establish the associations between concurrent aspirin and non-aspirin NSAID use, and CRC-related outcomes.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER (2022)

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Article Oncology

Neuropeptide Y, a paracrine factor secreted by cancer cells, is an independent regulator of angiogenesis in colon cancer

Debanjan Chakroborty et al.

Summary: This study found that NPY and Y2R are overexpressed in colon adenocarcinoma. Treatment with Y2R antagonists can inhibit angiogenesis and tumor growth. NPY regulates the angiogenic potential of colonic endothelial cells through Y2R and activates the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Tissue-resident memory and circulating T cells are early responders to pre-surgical cancer immunotherapy

Adrienne M. Luoma et al.

Summary: Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint blockade has promising clinical activity in oral cancer patients, inducing both local and systemic tumor immunity. During treatment, tumor-infiltrating CD8 T cells show elevated tissue-resident memory and cytotoxicity programs, and treatment also induces a systemic immune response.

CELL (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

cGAS-STING drives the IL-6-dependent survival of chromosomally instable cancers

Christy Hong et al.

Summary: Chromosomal instability (CIN) drives cancer cell evolution, metastasis, and therapy resistance. This study reveals that the inactivation of cGAS-STING signaling selectively impairs the survival of triple-negative breast cancer cells with CIN. Furthermore, blockade of IL-6 signaling using tocilizumab selectively impairs the growth of triple-negative breast cancer cells with CIN.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Akkermansia muciniphila phospholipid induces homeostatic immune responses

Munhyung Bae et al.

Summary: This study identifies a lipid molecule from Akkermansia muciniphila's cell membrane that exhibits immunomodulatory activity through the Toll-like receptor TLR2-TLR1 pathway. The findings provide molecular insights into the role of Akkermansia muciniphila in regulating immune balance and its impact on health and disease.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Androgen receptor blockade promotes response to BRAF/MEK-targeted therapy

Christopher P. Vellano et al.

Summary: Treatment with neoadjuvant BRAF/MEK-targeted therapy showed improved outcomes in female patients compared to male patients in melanoma. Preclinical studies revealed impaired tumour activity in male mice after treatment, with higher androgen receptor expression. Pharmacological inhibition of androgen receptor signalling improved treatment responses in male and female mice, while induction of androgen receptor signalling impaired responses in male and female patients.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A monocyte-leptin-angiogenesis pathway critical for repair post-infection

Rachel M. Kratofil et al.

Summary: During infection, monocytes and neutrophils are recruited to the infected tissue, but they have different functions. Monocytes can convert to macrophages and regulate adipocyte expansion and leptin production, while neutrophils infiltrate the infection site. Monocytes play a role in wound repair by regulating leptin levels and revascularization.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Imbalanced gut microbiota fuels hepatocellular carcinoma development by shaping the hepatic inflammatory microenvironment

Kai Markus Schneider et al.

Summary: Intestinal dysbiosis affects liver disease progression towards cancer by inducing hepatic monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (mMDSC) expansion and T-cell suppression. The dysbiosis phenotype can be transmitted through fecal microbiota transfer and reversed by antibiotic treatment. Loss of Akkermansia muciniphila correlates with increased mMDSC abundance, but its reintroduction reduces liver inflammation and fibrosis. Patients with cirrhosis display increased bacterial abundance in hepatic tissue, leading to transcriptional changes and activation of fibro-inflammatory pathways as well as cancer immunosuppression.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Oncology

Escherichia coli-Specific CXCL13-Producing T-FH Are Associated with Clinical Efficacy of Neoadjuvant PD-1 Blockade against Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

Anne-Gaelle Goubet et al.

Summary: CD4+ T cells and PD-L1 expression are correlated with the efficacy of immunotherapy drugs, which is important for the treatment of bladder cancer patients.

CANCER DISCOVERY (2022)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Statin shapes inflamed tumor microenvironment and enhances immune checkpoint blockade in non-small cell cancer

Wenjun Mao et al.

Summary: ICB therapy has achieved breakthroughs in treating advanced NSCLC, but the presence of immuno-cold tumors limits its efficacy. Targeting cholesterol synthesis can improve the treatment of immuno-cold tumors. Statin can inhibit the aggressiveness of lung cancer and enhance the response to ICB therapy.

JCI INSIGHT (2022)

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Review Materials Science, Biomaterials

Neuropeptides in Cancer: Friend and Foe?

Yue Wu et al.

Summary: Neuropeptides, small regulatory molecules found throughout the body, have been recognized as mitogens in cancer growth and development. They play important roles in the regulation of diverse physiological processes and their study has the potential to enhance the understanding and treatment of cancer. The mechanisms of action, signaling cascades, and therapeutic potential of neuropeptides in a wide range of cancers are discussed in this review.

ADVANCED BIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Gut bacterial nutrient preferences quantified in vivo

Xianfeng Zeng et al.

Summary: This study quantitatively examines the inputs and outputs of the mouse gut microbiome using isotope tracing, revealing systematic differences in nutrient use across different bacteria. Diet can shape the microbiome by promoting the growth of bacteria that preferentially use the ingested nutrients.

CELL (2022)

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Article Oncology

Statin use improves the efficacy of nivolumab in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma

Matteo Santoni et al.

Summary: This study suggests a prognostic impact of statin use in patients receiving nivolumab for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), with longer overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) observed in statin users, especially among patients aged 70 and above.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER (2022)

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Article Oncology

Feasibility, safety and efficacy of human intra-tumoral immuno-therapy. Gustave Roussy?s initial experience with its first 100 patients

Lambros Tselikas et al.

Summary: This retrospective study evaluated the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of intratumoural immunotherapy in cancer patients. The results demonstrated that this treatment strategy is feasible, safe, and can lead to complete or partial responses in some patients.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER (2022)

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Article Oncology

Efficacy of cationic amphiphilic antihistamines on outcomes of patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors

Cho-Han Chiang et al.

Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cationic amphiphilic antihistamines on patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors. The results showed that patients who received cationic amphiphilic antihistamines had significantly improved overall survival and progression-free survival. These survival benefits were observed regardless of the generation of cationic amphiphilic antihistamines.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Diet-driven microbial ecology underpins associations between cancer immunotherapy outcomes and the gut microbiome

Rebecca C. Simpson et al.

Summary: This study prospectively analyzed the gut microbiota signatures, dietary patterns, and systemic inflammation in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. The findings highlight the importance of these factors in shaping the response and toxicity to immunotherapy.

NATURE MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Integrated multi-omics reveals cellular and molecular interactions governing the invasive niche of basal cell carcinoma

Laura Yerly et al.

Summary: By utilizing single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, this study identifies the cellular contributors and their transcriptional reprogramming in the spatial organization of the invasive niche in basal cell carcinomas. The findings demonstrate the potential of integrated multi-omics approaches in deciphering cancer-specific invasive properties and developing targeted therapies.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Review Oncology

Science-Driven Nutritional Interventions for the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer

Lea Montegut et al.

Summary: In population studies, dietary patterns have an impact on cancer development, progression, and therapeutic response. However, interventional dietary trials have had limited effect on cancer prevention and treatment. Standardization of nutritional interventions combined with high-level mode-of-action studies has the potential to identify specific entities and pathways with anti-cancer properties.

CANCER DISCOVERY (2022)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

BCG therapy downregulates HLA-I on malignant cells to subvert antitumor immune responses in bladder cancer

Mathieu Rouanne et al.

Summary: In patients with high-risk, nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), two distinct patterns of immune subversion upon BCG relapse have been identified, which can predict the prognosis of the patients.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION (2022)

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Review Oncology

Developing dietary interventions as therapy for cancer

Samuel R. Taylor et al.

Summary: This Review discusses metabolic alterations and vulnerabilities in different types of cancer, and suggests using dietary interventions in combination with pharmacologic therapies to target these changes. However, diet studies in cancer patients are rare and lack robust evidence. The article also explores how dietary strategies can be combined with pharmacological therapies in treating cancer.

NATURE REVIEWS CANCER (2022)

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Review Oncology

Context-dependent functions of pattern recognition receptors in cancer

Si Ming Man et al.

Summary: The immune system plays a critical role in cancer, and while the importance of adaptive immunity has been recognized and utilized in immunotherapy, the potential of innate immunity has not been fully exploited. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) have emerged as key regulators in the immune response to cancer, both in immune cells and cancer cells. Targeting PRRs shows promise in cancer drug development and biomarker discovery.

NATURE REVIEWS CANCER (2022)

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Article Oncology

Bystander T cells in cancer immunology and therapy

Stefanie L. Meier et al.

Summary: Bystander T cells play a crucial role in tumor immunology, with their diverse specificities, activation states, and effector functions offering potential insights for the development of new therapeutic approaches in cancer immunotherapy. Despite their importance, the understanding of bystander T cells in tumors is still in its early stages, highlighting the need for further research in this area.

NATURE CANCER (2022)

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Review Immunology

The interplay of immunology and cachexia in infection and cancer

Hatoon Baazim et al.

Summary: This review examines the immunological context of cachexia, discussing its complex relationship with weight loss and tissue wasting in the context of cancer and infection. The potential immunometabolic consequences of cachexia are explored based on newly identified pathways, highlighting the intricate interplay between the immune system and cachexia in malignant and infectious diseases.

NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Effects of Ketogenic metabolic therapy on patients with breast cancer: A randomized controlled clinical trial

Adeleh Khodabakhshi et al.

Summary: The study evaluated the effects of a ketogenic diet on breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Results showed a decrease in TNF-alpha and insulin, an increase in IL-10, and reductions in tumor size and staging in the ketogenic diet group.

CLINICAL NUTRITION (2021)

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Review Oncology

TGFβ biology in cancer progression and immunotherapy

Rik Derynck et al.

Summary: TGF beta signaling plays a key role in cancer progression by promoting cancer cell invasion, dissemination, stem cell properties, therapeutic resistance, and the generation of an immunosuppressive environment. Inhibiting TGF beta signaling is considered a crucial avenue to enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies. Understanding and targeting TGF beta signaling mechanisms in tumors and their microenvironment may provide valuable insights for cancer treatment.

NATURE REVIEWS CLINICAL ONCOLOGY (2021)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Caloric Restriction Mimetics in Nutrition and Clinical Trials

Sebastian J. Hofer et al.

Summary: Human diet and dietary patterns play a crucial role in health status, with high-calorie Western-style diets linked to non-communicable diseases and calorie-reduced health-promoting diets showing promising results. Pharmacological Caloric Restriction Mimetics (CRMs) have attracted interest as potential candidates to mimic effects induced by caloric restriction.

FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Associations between markers of mammary adipose tissue dysfunction and breast cancer prognostic factors

Sofia Laforest et al.

Summary: This study found associations between breast adipocyte size and macrophage infiltration with obesity, particularly a strong association with central obesity independent of age and menopausal status. Additionally, relationships of adipocyte hypertrophy and macrophage infiltration with breast cancer prognostic factors were identified.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY (2021)

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Review Genetics & Heredity

Integrating genetic and non-genetic determinants of cancer evolution by single-cell multi-omics

Anna S. Nam et al.

Summary: Cancer is an evolutionary process involving genetic and non-genetic factors, with intratumoural heterogeneity playing a key role in cancer evolution. Single-cell multi-omics technologies are essential for capturing and integrating the different layers of heritable information to study cancer evolution effectively.

NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS (2021)

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Article Oncology

Venetoclax Increases Intratumoral Effector T Cells and Antitumor Efficacy in Combination with Immune Checkpoint Blockade

Frederick J. Kohlhapp et al.

Summary: Venetoclax, a selective BCL2 inhibitor, can enhance the anticancer efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors by increasing PD-1+ T effector memory cells in mouse models. It does not impair human T-cell function and can provide a survival advantage in effector T cells, indicating its potential in combination with ICIs for cancer therapy.

CANCER DISCOVERY (2021)

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Review Oncology

Cancer-Associated Neurogenesis and Nerve-Cancer Cross-talk

Deborah A. Silverman et al.

Summary: Recent research has shown that high intratumoral nerve density is associated with poor prognosis and high recurrence rates across various solid tumor types. Cancer cells express neurotrophic markers and release axon-guidance molecules to promote axonogenesis. Tumors recruit new neural progenitors and rewire established nerves to adrenergic phenotypes, which in turn, facilitate cancer progression through various mechanisms such as stimulating angiogenesis and promoting the expansion of cancer stem cells.

CANCER RESEARCH (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Hallmarks of Health

Carlos Lopez-Otin et al.

Summary: Health is more than just the absence of disease; it involves a combination of organizational and dynamic features that maintain physiology. Biological causes of health include spatial compartmentalization, maintenance of homeostasis, and adequate responses to stress. Disruption of these features can lead to pathogenic processes.

CELL (2021)

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Article Oncology

Combining Nivolumab and Ipilimumab with Infliximab or Certolizumab in Patients with Advanced Melanoma: First Results of a Phase Ib Clinical Trial

Anne Montfort et al.

Summary: TNF blockers can help manage gastrointestinal inflammatory side effects following nivolumab and/or ipilimumab treatment in patients with advanced melanoma, and may enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. The combination of certolizumab showed a high response rate in patients, warranting further investigation. Both combinations were found to be safe and showed clinical and biological activities in human patients.

CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH (2021)

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Review Oncology

Targeting cancer-promoting inflammation - have anti-inflammatory therapies come of age?

Jiajie Hou et al.

Summary: The immune system plays crucial roles in cancer development and treatment, with adaptive immunity capable of preventing or constraining cancer and innate immunity and inflammation often promoting tumorigenesis. While immunotherapies derived from preclinical studies have shown efficacy in treating cancer, treatments targeting cancer-associated inflammation still require successful implementation. Anti-inflammatory agents have the potential to delay cancer onset and enhance the efficacy of conventional and next-generation cancer therapies.

NATURE REVIEWS CLINICAL ONCOLOGY (2021)

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Editorial Material Endocrinology & Metabolism

Diagnostic and therapeutic advances in neuroendocrine tumours

Martyn E. Caplin et al.

Summary: Neuroendocrine neoplasms are tumors derived from the diffuse endocrine system, characterized by a diverse range of molecular abnormalities, functionality, and anatomical locations. Key advances in molecular diagnosis, functional imaging, and therapeutic strategies published in 2020 are discussed in this article.

NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY (2021)

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Editorial Material Oncology

Reconsidering Dexamethasone for Antiemesis when Combining Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy

Tobias Janowitz et al.

Summary: The concern over whether glucocorticoid steroids may reduce the benefits of cancer immunotherapy has existed for a long time. As the use of combination therapy with ICIs and chemotherapy increases, the focus on using dexamethasone for nausea prophylaxis has been raised.

ONCOLOGIST (2021)

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Article Immunology

Corticosteroid administration for cancer-related indications is an unfavorable prognostic factor in solid cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment

Ying Wang et al.

Summary: The use of corticosteroids for cancer-related indications in lung cancer patients receiving ICI treatment is associated with poorer prognosis, as demonstrated by meta-analysis and retrospective analysis. Subgroup analysis focusing on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) showed similar results, highlighting the importance of careful selection of corticosteroid-treated patients for ICI therapy in personalized clinical management.

INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Article Oncology

A Critical Role for Fas-Mediated Off-Target Tumor Killing in T-cell Immunotherapy

Ranjan Upadhyay et al.

Summary: The study revealed the crucial role of Fas-FasL in T cell killing of tumors and the bystander killing of antigen-negative tumor cells. This new finding may enhance the efficacy of immunotherapies and prevent cancer relapse by targeting both antigen expression and antigen-loss variants.

CANCER DISCOVERY (2021)

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Article Oncology

Oxidized Lipoproteins Promote Resistance to Cancer Immunotherapy Independent of Patient Obesity

Niloufar Khojandi et al.

Summary: Obesity impairs antitumor immunity in mice, but the clinical implications are unclear. Analysis shows serum ox-LDL acts as both a mediator of therapeutic resistance and a suppressor of T-cell immunity in cancer patients. Targeting HO-1 during immunotherapy presents a promising therapeutic strategy.

CANCER IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Josep M. Llovet et al.

Summary: Liver cancer, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), poses a significant global health challenge with rising incidence projected to exceed 1 million cases by 2025. Infection by hepatitis B and C viruses remains a major risk factor for HCC, while non-alcoholic steatohepatitis is emerging as a more common risk factor in Western countries. Advances in systemic therapies for HCC, including immunotherapies and targeted therapies, are expected to revolutionize the management of this disease.

NATURE REVIEWS DISEASE PRIMERS (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Ketogenic diet and ketone bodies enhance the anticancer effects of PD-1 blockade

Gladys Ferrere et al.

Summary: Limited experimental evidence suggests a link between nutrition and cancer immunosurveillance. This study demonstrates that ketogenic diet induces an anti-tumor effect through 3HB-mediated T cell-mediated cancer immunosurveillance. 3HB prevents immune checkpoint inhibition and promotes the expansion of specific T cells, while KD also leads to compositional changes in gut microbiota.

JCI INSIGHT (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Oral administration of Akkermansia muciniphila elevates systemic antiaging and anticancer metabolites

Claudia Grajeda-Iglesias et al.

Aging-US (2021)

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Article Immunology

Circulating clonally expanded T cells reflect functions of tumor-infiltrating T cells

Liliana E. Lucca et al.

Summary: Understanding the relationship between tumor and peripheral immune environments could allow longitudinal immune monitoring in cancer. Analysis of T cells from both tumor and blood in patients with metastatic melanoma revealed that circulating T cells matching clonally expanded tumor-infiltrating T cells show gene signatures of effector functions, while features of exhaustion are predominantly displayed by tumor-exclusive T cells. Circulating TILs have unique transcriptional patterns that may be useful for interrogating T cell function in cancer immunotherapy.

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Commensal bacteria promote endocrine resistance in prostate cancer through androgen biosynthesis

Nicolo Pernigoni et al.

Summary: The gut microbiota enriched for species capable of converting androgen precursors into active androgens was found to contribute to the onset of castration resistance in CRPC. Ablation of the gut microbiota by antibiotic therapy delayed the emergence of castration resistance in mice. Fecal microbiota transplantation from CRPC patients rendered mice resistant to castration.

SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Dietary fiber and probiotics influence the gut microbiome and melanoma immunotherapy response

Christine N. Spencer et al.

Summary: The study suggests that dietary fiber intake is associated with significantly improved progression-free survival in melanoma patients receiving ICB treatment, especially without the use of probiotics. Preclinical studies demonstrate that a low-fiber diet or probiotics can impair the treatment response to anti-PD-1 therapy, leading to a lower frequency of interferon-gamma-positive cytotoxic T cells in the tumor microenvironment.

SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Glucocorticoid receptor regulates PD-L1 and MHC-I in pancreatic cancer cells to promote immune evasion and immunotherapy resistance

Yalan Deng et al.

Summary: The study reveals that glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling in pancreatic cancer cells plays a crucial role in suppressing anti-tumor immunity by activating PD-L1 expression and repressing MHC-I expression. Inhibition of GR enhances anti-tumor immunity and sensitizes pancreatic cancer cells to immunotherapy, providing a promising approach for overcoming resistance to immune checkpoint blockade therapy in pancreatic cancer.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Microenvironmental IL-6 inhibits anti-cancer immune responses generated by cytotoxic chemotherapy

Eric H. Bent et al.

Summary: In a mouse model of BCR-ABL(+) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chemotherapy-induced anti-cancer immunity is suppressed by the tumor microenvironment through production of cytokine IL-6. IL-6 inhibits the efficacy of immunotherapy and promotes resistance to doxorubicin, impacting CD8(+) T-cell-mediated anti-cancer responses.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Prostate cancer

Richard J. Rebello et al.

Summary: Prostate cancer is a prevalent disease among men, with key genetic alterations including gene fusions, oncogene amplification, and mutations in androgen receptors. Treatment options range from active surveillance to surgery and radiotherapy for localized disease.

NATURE REVIEWS DISEASE PRIMERS (2021)

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Review Obstetrics & Gynecology

The relationship between post-diagnostic statin usage and breast cancer prognosis varies by hormone receptor phenotype: a systemic review and meta-analysis

Wen-Huan Xu et al.

Summary: Post-diagnostic statin use was found to be associated with improved recurrence free survival, overall survival, and cancer-specific survival in breast cancer patients. The benefits of statin usage varied based on the hormone receptor phenotype, with potential harm in hormone receptor negative patients. Further prospective randomized trials are needed to determine the optimal use of statins for different subtypes of breast cancer patients.

ARCHIVES OF GYNECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS (2021)

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Article Oncology

Early disappearance of tumor antigen-reactive T cells from peripheral blood correlates with superior clinical outcomes in melanoma under anti-PD-1 therapy

Jonas Bochem et al.

Summary: This study found that the initial presence of NY-ESO-1- or Melan-A-reactive T cells in the circulation, which became undetectable during PD-1 immune-checkpoint blockade treatment, correlated with prolonged progression-free survival and overall survival in metastatic melanoma patients. Additionally, the presence of tumor-resident NY-ESO-1- and Melan-A-reactive T cells was associated with disease control, suggesting that PD-1 blockade may lead to the infiltration of melanoma-reactive T cells from the periphery into the tumor, contributing to effective treatment.

JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER (2021)

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Review Immunology

The pleiotropic roles of leptin in metabolism, immunity, and cancer

Paola de Candia et al.

Summary: Research has shown that leptin plays a vital role in regulating energy homeostasis, immune function, inflammation, and cell proliferation, but it may also be linked to the onset and progression of tumors and autoimmune diseases.

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Identification of bacteria-derived HLA-bound peptides in melanoma

Shelly Kalaora et al.

Summary: The study found that peptides derived from intracellular bacteria can be presented by tumor cells, eliciting an immune response and shedding light on how bacteria influence immune activation and therapy responses.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Oncology

Beneficial autoimmunity improves cancer prognosis

Laurence Zitvogel et al.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology (2021)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Metabolic pathways in obesity-related breast cancer

Kristy A. Brown

Summary: Obesity is strongly linked to the development of multiple types of cancer, including estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, particularly in postmenopausal women. The dysregulation of cellular metabolism, both in tumor cells and non-neoplastic cells in the tumor microenvironment, plays a key role in this connection. Factors associated with obesity, such as increased levels of insulin and glucose, adipose tissue-derived hormones, and inflammatory mediators, contribute to the promotion of breast cancer growth.

NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Tumor innervation and clinical outcome in pancreatic cancer

Aysha Ferdoushi et al.

Summary: This study revealed that the presence and size of nerves in the pancreatic cancer microenvironment are associated with tumor aggressiveness, with larger nerves correlated with poorer patient survival.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Association of Obesity With Survival Outcomes in Patients With Cancer A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Fausto Petrelli et al.

Summary: Obesity is associated with increased mortality in cancer patients overall, but patients with obesity and certain types of cancer such as lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and melanoma may have better survival outcomes compared to non-obese patients with the same cancers. Weight-reducing strategies could potentially help reduce mortality in these patients.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2021)

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Article Oncology

Association between post-treatment circulating biomarkers of inflammation and survival among stage II-III colorectal cancer patients

Xinwei Hua et al.

Summary: This study explored the associations of post-treatment inflammatory biomarkers with colorectal cancer survival. Elevated levels of CRP, IL-6, MCP-1, and adiponectin were associated with higher all-cause mortality, while IL-6 remained significant for CRC-specific mortality over 10 years. These findings suggest the potential of post-treatment inflammatory biomarkers, especially IL-6, as promising prognostic markers for stage II-III CRC patients.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER (2021)

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Article Oncology

Gut Microbiota-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids Promote Prostate Cancer Growth via IGF1 Signaling

Makoto Matsushita et al.

Summary: This study found that excessive intake of animal fat can change the composition of gut microbiota, leading to prostate cancer. By administering antibiotics, prostate cancer cell proliferation and IGFI levels can be inhibited, thus disrupting the growth of prostate cancer.

CANCER RESEARCH (2021)

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Review Otorhinolaryngology

The prognostic impact of depression or depressive symptoms on patients with head and neck cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Sarah Van der Elst et al.

Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis found that pretreatment depression or depressive symptoms may indicate worse overall survival in patients with head and neck cancer. The pooled analysis demonstrated a statistically significant effect, although the results were limited by mild heterogeneity.

HEAD AND NECK-JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES AND SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK (2021)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Impact of corticosteroid use on outcomes of non-small-cell lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Hongchuan Zhang et al.

Summary: By conducting a meta-analysis of 14 studies, it was found that NSCLC patients receiving corticosteroids during ICI therapy had significantly reduced OS and PFS. Clinicians and oncologists should take this information into consideration when prescribing corticosteroids for this specific population.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACY AND THERAPEUTICS (2021)

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Article Immunology

Autoimmunity affecting the biliary tract fuels the immunosurveillance of cholangiocarcinoma

Juliette Paillet et al.

Summary: The research suggests that primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) may have a protective effect on the development of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) through T cell responses.

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Effect of aspirin use on survival benefits of breast cancer patients A meta-analysis

Jiamin Liu et al.

Summary: The meta-analysis indicated that aspirin use may be associated with lower breast cancer-specific death, all-cause death, and risk of recurrence/metastasis in patients with breast cancer.

MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Oncology

Anxiety, depression and urological cancer outcomes: A systematic review

Ayushi Anna Dinesh et al.

Summary: Anxiety and depression have a negative impact on functional and mortality outcomes in urological cancers, especially in male cancers such as prostate and testicular cancer. However, further studies are needed to explore patients at risk and improve understanding of the relationship between mental health and cancer outcomes.

UROLOGIC ONCOLOGY-SEMINARS AND ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Effects of acyl-coenzyme A binding protein (ACBP)/diazepam-binding inhibitor (DBI) on body mass index

Adrien Joseph et al.

Summary: The study found that in relatively healthy individuals, ACBP/DBI concentrations are independently correlated with BMI and age. However, this association was lost in individuals who experienced significant weight gain in the subsequent 3-9 years and in advanced cancer patients.

CELL DEATH & DISEASE (2021)

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Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

An umbrella review of the evidence associating diet and cancer risk at 11 anatomical sites

Nikos Papadimitriou et al.

Summary: Research suggests that diet and nutrition play a role in the risk of developing various types of cancer, with certain food/nutrient associations showing strong evidence. Alcohol consumption, dairy intake, and calcium are associated with different risks of developing cancer. Studies using umbrella reviews of meta-analyses can provide insights into the strength of evidence linking food and nutrients to cancer risk.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Microbial short-chain fatty acids modulate CD8+ T cell responses and improve adoptive immunotherapy for cancer

Maik Luu et al.

Summary: Short-chain fatty acids pentanoate and butyrate can enhance the anti-tumor activity of immune cells through metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming, making them potential therapeutic agents in cancer immunotherapy.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Oncology

Discovery and Features of an Alkylating Signature in Colorectal Cancer

Carino Gurjao et al.

Summary: A previously undescribed alkylating signature has been identified in colorectal cancer, associated with high intake of red meat, more common in the distal colon, and predicted to target specific cancer driver mutations.

CANCER DISCOVERY (2021)

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Review Oncology

Microbiota-Centered Interventions: The Next Breakthrough in Immuno-Oncology?

Lisa Derosa et al.

Summary: The dialogue between cancer and the immune system is greatly impacted by microenvironmental factors, especially the mucosal microbiota in the intestinal ecosystem. Antibiotics can reduce the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors, while fecal microbial transplantation may restore responsiveness in resistant melanoma patients. Understanding the role of gut bacteria in anticancer therapies is essential for future microbiota-centered interventions in immuno-oncology.

CANCER DISCOVERY (2021)

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Article Oncology

Overproduction of Gastrointestinal 5-HT Promotes Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer Progression via Enhancing NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation

Tao Li et al.

Summary: High levels of 5-HT in colorectal cancer are associated with chronic inflammation, and can promote 5-HT biosynthesis within colorectal cancer cells via NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

CANCER IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Oncology

IGF1 receptor inhibition amplifies the effects of cancer drugs by autophagy and immune-dependent mechanisms-

Qi Wu et al.

Summary: The study identified PPP as a potent autophagy inducer by inhibiting the tyrosine kinase activity of IGF1R. In animal models, PPP improved the therapeutic efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy, but this effect was lost when tumors were insensitive to PPP or autophagy-incompetent.

JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER (2021)

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Article Oncology

Statin-mediated inhibition of RAS prenylation activates ER stress to enhance the immunogenicity of KRAS mutant cancer

Gi-Hoon Nam et al.

Summary: The study shows that statins can enhance the immunogenicity of KRAS-mutant tumors by inducing immunogenic cell death and enhancing the cross-priming ability of dendritic cells, thereby stimulating CD8+ T-cell immune responses against the tumors. Combination therapy using statins and other agents can significantly increase the immunogenicity of KRAS(mut) tumors and improve tumor-specific immunity, overcoming resistance to PD-1 blockade therapies and increasing survival rates in KRAS(mut) tumor models.

JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Identification and Validation of Plasma Metabolomic Signatures in Precancerous Gastric Lesions That Progress to Cancer

Sha Huang et al.

Summary: This study investigated the role of metabolic deregulation in the development of gastric cancer and identified specific metabolites associated with gastric lesion progression and early gastric cancer risk. Integrating these metabolites into prediction models significantly improved the performance in predicting the progression of gastric lesions and the risk of early gastric cancer.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2021)

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Article Oncology

A Randomized Trial of Calcium Plus Vitamin D Supplementation and Risk of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast

Rita Peila et al.

Summary: The study found that calcium plus vitamin D (CaD) supplementation was associated with a reduced risk of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in postmenopausal women. The intervention group had a lower risk of DCIS throughout the follow-up period and during the postintervention phase. Those who used CaD personal supplements in combination with the trial intervention had a lower risk of DCIS compared to the trial placebo group that did not use personal supplementation.

JNCI CANCER SPECTRUM (2021)

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Review Oncology

Timing of Aspirin Use Among Patients With Colorectal Cancer in Relation to Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Shiyu Xiao et al.

Summary: The study revealed that continuous use of aspirin can improve the mortality rate of colorectal cancer patients, while pre-diagnosis use of aspirin is not associated with mortality. For patients with colorectal cancer, continuous use of aspirin before and after diagnosis has significant benefits in improving survival rates.

JNCI CANCER SPECTRUM (2021)

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Article Oncology

Castration-mediated IL-8 promotes myeloid infiltration and prostate cancer progression

Zoila A. Lopez-Bujanda et al.

Summary: Castration increases IL-8 expression in prostate epithelial cells, leading to infiltration of tumor-promoting PMN-MDSCs, which can be mitigated by blocking IL-8 signaling. Targeting IL-8 signaling in combination with ICB delays castration resistance and increases polyfunctional CD8 T cell density in tumors.

NATURE CANCER (2021)

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Review Oncology

Cancer metabolism: looking forward

Inmaculada Martinez-Reyes et al.

Summary: This Perspective discusses the main themes in cancer metabolism research, focusing on the relationship between tumour initiation and progression with metabolic reprogramming, as well as the importance of tumor microenvironment and metabolic regulation.

NATURE REVIEWS CANCER (2021)

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Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

Tumor innervation: peripheral nerves take control of the tumor microenvironment

Stefan M. Gysler et al.

Summary: Recent cancer research has shifted focus from abnormal cell division to the complex interactions between cancer and noncancer cells in the tumor microenvironment. The recruitment of peripheral nerves to the TME by tumors has been linked to enhanced tumor growth and aggressive tumor behavior, suggesting a potential role for the peripheral nervous system in cancer development. Emerging evidence also suggests that exosomes may mediate neural regulation of the TME through cell-cell communication.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION (2021)

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Article Oncology

Blocking IL1 Beta Promotes Tumor Regression and Remodeling of the Myeloid Compartment in a Renal Cell Carcinoma Model: Multidimensional Analyses

David H. Aggen et al.

Summary: The study suggests that intratumoral immunosuppression mediated by myeloid-derived suppressor cells and tumor-associated macrophages may lead to immune checkpoint inhibitor resistance in solid tumors. Blocking IL1 beta in combination with anti-PD-1 or cabozantinib has shown increased antitumor activity by reducing immunosuppressive myeloid cells and increasing M1-like tumor-associated macrophages.

CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Oncology

Statin Use Is Associated with Lower Risk of PTEN-Null and Lethal Prostate Cancer

Emma H. Allott et al.

CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Oncology

Preoperative β-Blockade with Propranolol Reduces Biomarkers of Metastasis in Breast Cancer: A Phase II Randomized Trial

Jonathan G. Hiller et al.

CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Oncology

Antihistamines and Ovarian Cancer Survival: Nationwide Cohort Study and in Vitro Cell Viability Assay

Freija Verdoodt et al.

JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE (2020)

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Article Oncology

Circulating Immune Cell Composition and Cancer Risk: A Prospective Study Using Epigenetic Cell Count Measures

Charlotte Le Cornet et al.

CANCER RESEARCH (2020)

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Correction Multidisciplinary Sciences

Progenitors from the central nervous system drive neurogenesis in cancer (vol 569, pg 672, 2019)

Philippe Mauffrey et al.

NATURE (2020)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Tumour innervation and neurosignalling in prostate cancer

Brayden March et al.

NATURE REVIEWS UROLOGY (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Intratumoral injection of the seasonal flu shot converts immunologically cold tumors to hot and serves as an immunotherapy for cancer

Jenna H. Newman et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2020)

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Article Cell Biology

Sodium butyrate modulates gut microbiota and immune response in colorectal cancer liver metastatic mice

Ximei Ma et al.

CELL BIOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Digoxin lowers the incidence of prostate cancer: A nationwide population-based study

Tzu-Ping Lin et al.

JOURNAL OF THE CHINESE MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Elevated serum interleukin-8 is associated with enhanced intratumor neutrophils and reduced clinical benefit of immune-checkpoint inhibitors

Kurt A. Schalper et al.

NATURE MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

High systemic and tumor-associated IL-8 correlates with reduced clinical benefit of PD-L1 blockade

Kobe C. Yuen et al.

NATURE MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Association of Aspirin with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Liver-Related Mortality

Tracey G. Simon et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Oncology

Perioperative COX2 and β-adrenergic blockade improves biomarkers of tumor metastasis, immunity, and inflammation in colorectal cancer: A randomized controlled trial

Rita Haider et al.

CANCER (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Cancer prevention with aspirin in hereditary colorectal cancer (Lynch syndrome), 10-year follow-up and registry-based 20-year data in the CAPP2 study: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

John Burn et al.

LANCET (2020)

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Article Oncology

Inhibition of IL1β by Canakinumab May Be Effective against Diverse Molecular Subtypes of Lung Cancer: An Exploratory Analysis of the CANTOS Trial

Connie C. Wong et al.

CANCER RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Immunoprophylactic and immunotherapeutic control of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer

Aitziber Buque et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Prognostic value of depression and anxiety on breast cancer recurrence and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 282,203 patients

Xuan Wang et al.

MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Obesity Shapes Metabolism in the Tumor Microenvironment to Suppress Anti-Tumor Immunity

Alison E. Ringel et al.

CELL (2020)

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Article Oncology

Obesity diminishes response to PD-1-based immunotherapies in renal cancer

Shannon K. Boi et al.

JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplements on Development of Advanced Cancer A Secondary Analysis of the VITAL Randomized Clinical Trial

Paulette D. Chandler et al.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2020)

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Article Cell Biology

Autophagy-mediated metabolic effects of aspirin

Francesca Castoldi et al.

CELL DEATH DISCOVERY (2020)

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Article Oncology

Microbiome-derived metabolome as a potential predictor of response to cancer immunotherapy

Agnieszka Beata Malczewski et al.

JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Cross-reactivity between tumor MHC class I-restricted antigens and an enterococcal bacteriophage

Aurelie Fluckiger et al.

SCIENCE (2020)

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Article Immunology

Adiponectin accounts for gender differences in hepatocellular carcinoma incidence

Elisa Manieri et al.

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Prophylactic TNF blockade uncouples efficacy and toxicity in dual CTLA-4 and PD-1 immunotherapy

Elisabeth Perez-Ruiz et al.

NATURE (2019)

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Article Oncology

Glutamate Decarboxylase 65 Signals through the Androgen Receptor to Promote Castration Resistance in Prostate Cancer

Yi Gao et al.

CANCER RESEARCH (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Supplementation with Akkermansia muciniphila in overweight and obese human volunteers: a proof-of-concept exploratory study

Clara Depommier et al.

NATURE MEDICINE (2019)

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Article Neurosciences

Genetic manipulation of autonomic nerve fiber innervation and activity and its effect on breast cancer progression

Atsunori Kamiya et al.

NATURE NEUROSCIENCE (2019)

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Article Oncology

Prognostic significance of GAD1 overexpression in patients with resected lung adenocarcinoma

Mitsuhiro Tsuboi et al.

CANCER MEDICINE (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Antibiotics-Driven Gut Microbiome Perturbation Alters Immunity to Vaccines in Humans

Thomas Hagan et al.

CELL (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Stress-glucocorticoid-TSC22D3 axis compromises therapy-induced antitumor immunity

Heng Yang et al.

NATURE MEDICINE (2019)

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Article Oncology

Blockade of β-Adrenergic Receptors Improves CD8+ T-cell Priming and Cancer Vaccine Efficacy

Clara Daher et al.

CANCER IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH (2019)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Breast cancer

Nadia Harbeck et al.

NATURE REVIEWS DISEASE PRIMERS (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Identification and characterization of Cardiac Glycosides as senolytic compounds

Francisco Triana-Martinez et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2019)

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Article Oncology

Depression-Induced Neuropeptide Y Secretion Promotes Prostate Cancer Growth by Recruiting Myeloid Cells

Yan Cheng et al.

CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Paradoxical effects of obesity on T cell function during tumor progression and PD-1 checkpoint blockade

Ziming Wang et al.

NATURE MEDICINE (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Blocking IL-1β reverses the immunosuppression in mouse breast cancer and synergizes with anti-PD-1 for tumor abrogation

Irena Kaplanov et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2019)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Cardiac glycosides are broad-spectrum senolytics

Ana Guerrero et al.

NATURE METABOLISM (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Gut microbiome influences efficacy of PD-1-based immunotherapy against epithelial tumors

Bertrand Routy et al.

SCIENCE (2018)

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Article Oncology

Beta blocker use correlates with better overall survival in metastatic melanoma patients and improves the efficacy of immunotherapies in mice

Kathleen M. Kokolus et al.

ONCOIMMUNOLOGY (2018)

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Article Oncology

Systemic immune response induced by oxaliplatin-based neoadjuvant therapy favours survival without metastatic progression in high-risk rectal cancer

Erta Kalanxhi et al.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER (2018)

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Article Oncology

Sustained Adrenergic Signaling Promotes Intratumoral Innervation through BDNF Induction

Julie K. Allen et al.

CANCER RESEARCH (2018)

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Article Cell Biology

Nicotinamide Improves Aspects of Healthspan, but Not Lifespan, in Mice

Sarah J. Mitchell et al.

CELL METABOLISM (2018)

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Article Oncology

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