Towards two-dimensional van der Waals ferroelectrics

Research on two-dimensional van der Waals ferroelectrics has witnessed an explosion over the past few years. This Perspective formulates a framework by which results can be analysed, reviews recent progress, discusses mechanisms and properties for applications, and outlines challenges to be addressed. The discovery of ferroelectricity in two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials has brought important functionalities to the 2D materials family, and may trigger a revolution in next-generation nanoelectronics and spintronics. In this Perspective, we briefly review recent progress in the field of 2D vdW ferroelectrics, focusing on the mechanisms that drive spontaneous polarization in 2D systems, unique properties brought about by the reduced lattice dimensionality and promising applications of 2D vdW ferroelectrics. We finish with an outlook for challenges that need to be addressed and our view on possible future research directions.

Automated summary

Research on two-dimensional van der Waals ferroelectrics has experienced significant progress in recent years. This Perspective presents a framework for analysis, provides a review of recent advances, discusses mechanisms and properties for potential applications, and outlines the challenges that need to be addressed. The discovery of ferroelectricity in two-dimensional van der Waals materials has introduced important functionalities to the family of 2D materials, which could revolutionize next-generation nanoelectronics and spintronics. This Perspective briefly reviews recent progress in the field of 2D van der Waals ferroelectrics, focusing on the mechanisms driving spontaneous polarization, unique properties arising from reduced lattice dimensionality, and promising applications. The article concludes with an outlook on challenges and possible future research directions.