Recyclable cyclic bio-based acrylic polymer via pairwise monomer enchainment by a trifunctional Lewis pair

The existing catalyst/initiator systems and methodologies used for the synthesis of polymers can access only a few cyclic polymers composed entirely of a single monomer type, and the synthesis of such authentic cyclic polar vinyl polymers (acrylics) devoid of any foreign motifs remains a challenge. Here we report that a tethered B-P-B trifunctional, intramolecular frustrated Lewis pair catalyst enables the synthesis of an authentic cyclic acrylic polymer, cyclic poly(gamma-methyl-alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactone) (c-PMMBL), from the bio-based monomer MMBL. Detailed studies have revealed an initiation and propagation mechanism through pairwise monomer enchainment enabled by the cooperative and synergistic initiator/catalyst sites of the trifunctional catalyst. We propose that macrocyclic intermediates and transition states comprising two catalyst molecules are involved in the catalyst-regulated ring expansion and eventual cyclization, forming authentic c-PMMBL rings and concurrently regenerating the catalyst. The cyclic topology ofthe c-PMMBL polymers imparts an similar to 50 degrees C higher onset decomposition temperature and a much narrower degradation window compared with their linear counterparts of similar molecular weight and dispersity, while maintaining high chemical recyclability.

Automated summary

This study reports a method for synthesizing authentic cyclic acrylic polymers from bio-based monomers using a tethered B-P-B trifunctional catalyst. Detailed studies have revealed the initiation and propagation mechanism, and proposed a hypothesis for the catalyst-regulated ring expansion and cyclization process. Compared to their linear counterparts, these cyclic polymers exhibit higher onset decomposition temperature, narrower degradation window, and maintain high chemical recyclability.