Gas-phase metallicity break radii of star-forming galaxies in IllustrisTNG

We present radial gas-phase metallicity profiles, gradients, and break radii at redshift z = 0-3 from the TNG50-1 star-forming galaxy population. These metallicity profiles are characterized by an emphasis on identifying the steep inner gradient and flat outer gradient. From this, the break radius, R-break, is defined as the region where the transition occurs. We observe the break radius having a positive trend with mass that weakens with redshift. When normalized by the stellar half-mass radius, the break radius has a weaker relation with both mass and redshift. To test if our results are dependent on the resolution or adopted physics of TNG50-1, the same analysis is performed in TNG50-2 and Illustris-1. We find general agreement between each of the simulations in their qualitative trends; however, the adopted physics between TNG and Illustris differ and therefore the breaks, normalized by galaxy size, deviate by a factor of similar to 2. In order to understand where the break comes from, we define two relevant time-scales: an enrichment time-scale and a radial gas mixing time-scale. We find that R-break occurs where the gas mixing time-scale is similar to 10 times as long as the enrichment time-scale in all three simulation runs, with some weak mass and redshift dependence. This implies that galactic discs can be thought of in two-parts: a star-forming inner disc with a steep gradient and a mixing-dominated outer disc with a flat gradient, with the break radius marking the region of transition between them.

Automated summary

We present radial gas-phase metallicity profiles, gradients, and break radii in star-forming galaxies at redshift z = 0-3 using the TNG50-1 simulation. The profiles reveal a steep inner gradient and a flat outer gradient, with a break radius marking the transition region. We find that the break radius shows a positive trend with mass that weakens with redshift, and when normalized by stellar half-mass radius, the relation with mass and redshift becomes weaker.