Journal
MOLECULES
Volume 27, Issue 24, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248689
Keywords
polyacrylonitrile; adsorbent; wastewater treatment; heavy metal; dyes
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This review focuses on polyacrylonitrile as an efficient component of adsorbents for extracting toxic ions and dyes. It discusses various formulations of polyacrylonitrile and different polymerization methods used in their synthesis. The regeneration of adsorbents and the impact of heavy metal ions on the adsorption process are also explored.
Water gets polluted due to the dumping of untreated industrial waste into bodies of water, particularly those containing heavy metals and dyes. Industrial water contains both inorganic and organic wastes. Numerous adsorbents that are inexpensive and easily available can be used to address the issue of water deterioration. This review report is focused on polyacrylonitrile as an efficient constituent of adsorbents to extract toxic ions and dyes. It discusses the various formulations of polyacrylonitrile, such as ion exchange resins, chelating resins, fibers, membranes, and hydrogels, synthesized through different polymerization methods, such as suspension polymerization, electrospinning, grafting, redox, and emulsion polymerization. Moreover, regeneration of adsorbent and heavy metal ions makes the adsorption process more cost-effective and efficient. The literature reporting successful regeneration of the adsorbent is included. The factors affecting the performance and outcomes of the adsorption process are also discussed.
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