Low-Temperature Toluene Oxidation on Fe-Containing Modified SBA-15 Materials

Transition metals as catalysts for total VOC oxidation at low temperatures (150-280 degrees C) are a big challenge nowadays. Therefore, iron-modified SBA-15, AlSBA-15, and ZrSBA-15 materials with 0.5 to 5.0 wt.% Fe loading were prepared and tested for toluene oxidation. It was found that increasing Fe loading significantly improved the rate of oxidation and lowered the temperature of achieving 100% removal of toluene from above 500 degrees C for the supports (AlSBA-15 and ZrSBA-15) to below 400 degrees C for 5FeZrSBA-15. The formation of finely dispersed iron oxide active sites with a particle size less than 5 nm was observed on all the SBA-15, AlSBA-15, and ZrSBA-15 supports. It was found that the surface properties of the mesoporous support due to the addition of Al or Zr predetermined the type of formed iron oxide species and their localization on the support surface. Fe-containing SBA-15 and AlSBA-15 showed activity in total toluene oxidation at higher temperatures (280-450 degrees C). However, 5 wt. % Fe-containing ZrSBA-15 showed excellent activity in the total oxidation of toluene as a model VOC at lower temperatures (150-380 degrees C) due to the synergistic effect of Fe-Zr and the presence of accessible and stable Fe2+/Fe3+ active sites.

Automated summary

Transition metals as catalysts for total VOC oxidation at low temperatures are challenging. This study prepared and tested iron-modified SBA-15, AlSBA-15, and ZrSBA-15 materials with varying Fe loading for toluene oxidation. The results showed that increasing Fe loading improved the oxidation rate and decreased the temperature required for complete toluene removal. Surface properties of the mesoporous support influenced the type and localization of iron oxide species, and 5 wt. % Fe-containing ZrSBA-15 exhibited excellent activity in the total oxidation of toluene at lower temperatures due to the synergistic effect of Fe-Zr and the presence of accessible and stable Fe2+/Fe3+ active sites.