Journal
MOLECULES
Volume 27, Issue 22, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227728
Keywords
cysteine; covalent warheads; covalent inhibitor
Funding
- Nature Science Foundation of China [22077115, 81672559, 81311120299]
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Cysteine is a crucial amino acid that plays important roles in biological processes. Its unique chemical properties and reactivity have led to extensive research interest. This article summarizes covalent warheads targeting cysteine residue and their application in drug development.
Cysteine is one of the least abundant amino acids in proteins of many organisms, which plays a crucial role in catalysis, signal transduction, and redox regulation of gene expression. The thiol group of cysteine possesses the ability to perform nucleophilic and redox-active functions that are not feasible for other natural amino acids. Cysteine is the most common covalent amino acid residue and has been shown to react with a variety of warheads, especially Michael receptors. These unique properties have led to widespread interest in this nucleophile, leading to the development of a variety of cysteine-targeting warheads with different chemical compositions. Herein, we summarized the various covalent warheads targeting cysteine residue and their application in drug development.
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