4.6 Article

Edible Plant Extracts against Aedes aegypti and Validation of a Piper nigrum L. Ethanolic Extract as a Natural Insecticide

Journal

MOLECULES
Volume 28, Issue 3, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031264

Keywords

Aedes aegypti; Piper nigrum L; black pepper; accelerated solvent extraction (ASE); standardized extract; validation

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This study screened the larvicidal and pupicidal activity of common edible plant extracts. The standardized P. nigrum fruit ethanol extract and piperine standard demonstrated larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The extract and piperine also showed residual activity and solid extract formulations exhibited 24-day activity against Ae. aegypti larvae. Therefore, the standardized P. nigrum extract has the potential for insecticide development to control arboviral vectors.
The Aedes aegypti mosquito significantly impacts public health, with vector control remaining the most efficient means of reducing the number of arboviral disease cases. This study screened the larvicidal and pupicidal activity of common edible plant extracts. Piper nigrum L. (black pepper) extract production was optimized using accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and validated following regulatory requirements using HPLC-PDA analytical methodology to quantify its major component-piperine. Larvicidal activity was determined for the standardized P. nigrum fruit ethanol extract (LC50 1.1 mu g/mL) and piperine standard (LC50 19.0 mu g/mL). Furthermore, 9-day residual activity was determined for the extract (4 mu g/mL) and piperine (60 mu g/mL), with daily piperine quantification. Semi-field trials of solid extract formulations demonstrated 24-day activity against Ae. aegypti larvae. Thus, the standardized P. nigrum extract emerges as a potential candidate for insecticide development to control the arboviral vector.

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