Combination of mixed mode dispersive solid phase extraction with magnetic ionic liquids based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the extraction of anticoagulant drugs from urine samples

In this report, combination of a mixed mode dispersive solid phase extraction with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction has been performed in order to the effective isolation of three anticoagulant drugs (anagrelide, betrixaban, and apixaban) from urine sample. The extracted drugs were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector. Firstly, analytes were adsorbed onto a mixture of octadecylsilane, graphitized carbon black, and primary secondary amine sorbents which their composition was obtained by a simplex centroid design. To increase the adsorption efficiency, sonication of the solution and sorbents mixture was performed. The loaded analytes onto the sorbent surface were washed employing a water-miscible organic solvent which was utilized as a disperser in microextraction process. The microextraction step was done using a magnetic ionic liquid (as an extractant) and the droplets were sedimented at the bottom of tube with the aid of an external magnetic field. Satisfactory analytical results such as wide linear ranges (0.21-250 mu g/L), high enrichment factors (223-247) and extraction recoveries (76-84 %), and low limits of detection (0.04-0.06 mu g/L) and quantification (0.16-0.21 mu g/L) were obtained using the optimum experimental situations. Lastly, the offered procedure was utilized for the quantification of the opted analytes in urine samples.

Automated summary

In this study, a combination of mixed mode dispersive solid phase extraction and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was used for the effective isolation and quantification of three anticoagulant drugs from urine samples. The method showed satisfactory analytical results with wide linear ranges, high enrichment factors, and low detection limits. By optimizing the adsorbents and solvents, the researchers obtained successful analytical outcomes.