Journal
MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
Volume 265, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER GMBH
DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127197
Keywords
Genome-centric metagenomics; Whalers Bay; Correlation network; Purple bacteria; Stress response
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Funding
- Sao Paulo Research Foundation FAPESP [2016/05640-6, 2017/03172-8, 2019/22891-0]
- Proantar - Brazilian Antarctic Program
- Project MycoAntar - diversity and bioprospecting of Antarctic fungi
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Antarctica is characterized by extreme environmental conditions, where microbial communities form biofilms to survive and thrive. This study used genome-centric metagenomics to describe a complex biofilm microbiome represented by 180 metagenome-assembled genomes. Metabolic flux balance analysis revealed purple bacteria may play a crucial role in supporting heterotrophic species in biofilms.
Antarctica is the coldest and driest continent on Earth, characterized by polyextreme environmental conditions, where species adapted form complex networks of interactions. Microbial communities growing in these harsh environments can form biofilms that help the associated species to survive and thrive. A rich body of knowledge describes environmental biofilm communities; however, most studies have focused on dominant community members rather than functional complexity and metabolic potential. To overcome these limitations, the present study used genome-centric metagenomics to describe two biofilm samples subjected to different temperature collected in Deception Island, Maritime Antarctica. The results unraveled a complex biofilm microbiome rep-resented by 180 metagenome-assembled genomes. The potential metabolic interactions were investigated using metabolic flux balance analysis and revealed that purple bacteria are the community members with the highest correlations with other bacteria. Due to their predicted mixotrophic behavior, they may play a crucial role in the microbiome, likely supporting the heterotrophic species in biofilms. Metatranscriptomics results revealed that the chaperone system and proteins counteracting ROS and toxic compounds have a major role in maintaining bacterial cell homeostasis in sediments of volcanic origin.
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