4.6 Article

Correlation between detailed balance limit and actual environmental factors for perovskite/crystalline Si tandem solar cells with different structures

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ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.mssp.2022.107085

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Detailed balance limit; Silicon single -junction solar cell; Perovskite; Si tandem solar cells; Environmental factors

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This study estimates the detailed balance limits of perovskite/Si tandem solar cells based on various environmental factors. The contour maps of conversion efficiency as functions of top bandgap and environmental factors are revealed.
Detailed balance limits are estimated in perovskite/Si tandem solar cells with two-terminal (2T), four-terminal (4T), and series parallel tandem (SPT) configurations based on various environmental factors (average photon energy (APE), irradiance (Irr), and module temperature (Tmod)) in a year with data point numbers of 201,139. Bottom bandgap (Eg-bottom) of Si bottom subcell is fixed at 1.12 eV. Contour maps of conversion efficiency (eta) as functions of top bandgap (Eg-top) and environmental factors are consequently disclosed. Eg-top is optimized under standard test conditions at 1.73 eV for 2T, 1.82 eV for 4T, and 1.83 eV for SPT. These optimized Eg-top values are not varied under variations of Irr and Tmod. Furthermore, eta under increased APE is enhanced with enhanced optimized Eg-top proper for blue-rich spectrum. Ultimately, the contour maps of eta as functions of Eg-top and APE are beneficial for selections of proper Eg-top of the tandem solar cells for maximized eta, when actual outdoor APE is known.

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