Microstructural, electrical and mechanical characterizations of green-synthesized biocompatible calcium phosphate nanocomposites with morphological hierarchy

The present work reports the development of novel ternary silver-silver phosphate-biphasic calcium phosphate nanocomposites by plant-extract mediated hydrothermal route. Unique epitaxial morphological growth of the Ag-Ag3PO4 core-shell structure influences the internal grain-grain boundary arrangement. The green-assisted development of the constituent phases helps significant biocompatibility enhancement (-89-93% for 50 mu g/ mL; 72 h). Hence long-term bone-replacement purposes and polar fluid osmosis are favorable due to higher cell attachment on the rough surface of the mesoporous nanocomposites. The heterogeneous attachment between the three phases creates defect states indicating intense interfacial polarization, as elucidated by the dielectric spectroscopic studies. The surface charge essential for bone regeneration is likely to be developed. Besides, the porous nanocomposite compacts exhibit superior phase-composition-dependent mechanical (Hardness-1.3 GPa; load 4.9 N) and dielectric properties (permittivity-1.2 x 103; 200 Hz, 613 K) helping in conduction through bones. Thus the green-synthesized ternary nanocomposites exhibit the essential aspects of a promising bone-implant material.

Automated summary

This study reports the development of novel ternary silver-silver phosphate-biphasic calcium phosphate nanocomposites using a plant-extract mediated hydrothermal route. The unique epitaxial morphological growth of the Ag-Ag3PO4 core-shell structure influences the arrangement of internal grain-grain boundaries. The green-assisted development of the constituent phases significantly enhances biocompatibility and creates defect states indicating intense interfacial polarization.