Improved osteointegration response using high strength perovskite BaTiO3 coatings prepared by chemical bath deposition

A wide range of bioactive materials have been investigated for tissue engineering and regeneration. Barium titanate is a promising smart material to be used as scaffold for bone tissue engineering. Barium titanate coatings are prepared in the present study using chemical bath deposition technique. Coatings are prepared at room temperature with the variation in solution molarity from 0.1 to 1.2 M. Perovskite tetragonal phase is observed after annealing the samples at 300 degrees C using 1.0-1.2 M solutions. Normal-anomalous dielectric response is observed for annealed coatings. Maximum transmission of similar to 55% and similar to 82% is observed under as-prepared and annealed coatings, respectivly. Variation in direct band gap, i.e. 3.45-3.64 eV, is observed with varying molarity. High hardness of the coatings (similar to 1180 HV) is observed at 1.2M with fracture toughness of similar to 22 MPam(-1/2). Biodegradation studies show smaller values of weight loss even after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) after 26 weeks. Barium titanate coatings also show high antioxidant activity. BaTiO3's antibacterial reaction is evaluated against microorganisms such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus. Antibacterial activity shows highest zone of inhibition (similar to 31 mm) against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Quantitative real-time PCR is used to assess the gene expression profile in cultivated cells. Thus, coatings produced without the use of hazardous solvents/reagents utilizing CBD technique are a potential material for biomedical applications.

Automated summary

In this study, barium titanate coatings were prepared using chemical bath deposition technique, showing excellent biocompatibility and antibacterial activity for biomedical applications in tissue engineering and regeneration. Coatings prepared at different solution molarities exhibited high hardness and antibacterial capability after annealing. The weight loss of the coatings was minimal after immersion in simulated body fluid. Therefore, coatings produced without the use of hazardous solvents/reagents utilizing CBD technique are a potential material for biomedical applications.