4.8 Article

Dual-Color Optical Recording of Bioelectric Potentials by Polymer Electrochromism

Journal

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
Volume 144, Issue 51, Pages 23505-23515

Publisher

AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10198

Keywords

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Funding

  1. National Institutes of Health [1R01NS121934-01]
  2. David and Lucile Packard Foundation
  3. NIH Stanford Graduate Training Program in Biotechnology [T32GM141819]
  4. National Science Foundation [ECCS-2026822]

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Optical recording based on voltage-sensitive electrochromic materials allows for long-term and sensitive measurement of bioelectrical signals.
Optical recording based on voltage-sensitive fluorescent reporters allows for spatial flexibility of measuring from desired cells, but photobleaching and phototoxicity of the fluorescent labels often limit their sensitivity and recording duration. Voltage-dependent optical absorption, rather than fluorescence, of electrochromic materials, would overcome these limitations to achieve long-term optical recording of bioelectrical signals. Electrochromic materials such as PEDOT:PSS possess the property that an applied voltage can either increase or decrease the light absorption depending on the wavelength. In this work, we harness this anticorrelated light absorption at two different wavelengths to significantly improve the signal detection. With dual-color detection, electrical activity from cells produces signals of opposite polarity, while artifacts, mechanical motions, and technical noises are uncorrelated or positively correlated. Using this (t)echnique, we are able to optically record cardiac action potentials with a high signal-to-noise ratio, 10 kHz sampling rate, >15 min recording duration, and no time-dependent degradation of the signal. Furthermore, we can reliably perform multiple recording sessions from the same culture for over 25 days.

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