Immune regulation of poly unsaturated fatty acids and free fatty acid receptor 4

Fatty acid metabolism contributes to energy supply and plays an important role in regulating immunity. Free fatty acids (FFAs) bind to free fatty acid receptors (FFARs) on the cell surface and mediate effects through the intra-cellular FFAR signaling pathways. FFAR4, also known as G-protein coupled receptor 120 (GPR120), has been identified as the primary receptor of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ( w-3 PUFAs). FFAR4 is a promising target for treating metabolic and inflammatory disorders due to its immune regulatory functions and the discovery of highly selective and efficient agonists. This review summarizes the reported immune regulatory functions of w-3 PUFAs and FFAR4 in immune cells and immune-related diseases. We also speculate possible involvements of w-3 PUFAs and FFAR4 in other types of inflammatory disorders.(c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

Fatty acid metabolism is vital for energy supply and immune regulation. Free fatty acids interact with cell surface receptors called free fatty acid receptors (FFARs) to exert their effects through intracellular signaling pathways. FFAR4, also known as G-protein coupled receptor 120 (GPR120), has been identified as the primary receptor for omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (w-3 PUFAs) and shows promise in treating metabolic and inflammatory disorders. This review summarizes the immune regulatory functions of w-3 PUFAs and FFAR4 in immune cells and immune-related diseases, as well as their potential involvement in other inflammatory disorders.