Anti-Epstein-Barr Viral Agents from the Medicinal Herb-Derived Fungus Alternaria alstroemeriae Km2286

Chromatographic separation on the liquid-state fermented products produced by the fungal strain Alternaria alstroemeriae Km2286 isolated from the littoral medicinal herb Atriplex maximowicziana Makino resulted in the isolation of compounds 1-9. Structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis as four undescribed perylenequinones, altertromins A-D (1-4), along with altertoxin IV (5), altertoxin VIII (6), stemphyperylenol (7), tenuazonic acid (8), and allo-tenuazonic acid (9). Compounds 1-6 exhibited antiviral activities against Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with EC50 values ranging from 0.17 +/- 0.07 to 3.13 +/- 0.31 mu M and selectivity indices higher than 10. In an anti-neuroinflammatory assay, compounds 1-4, 6, and 7 showed inhibitory activity of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-induced microglial BV-2 cells, with IC50 values ranging from 0.33 +/- 0.04 to 4.08 +/- 0.53 mu M without significant cytotoxicity. This is the first report to describe perylenequinone-type compounds with potent anti-EBV and anti-neuroinflammatory activities.

Automated summary

This study investigated the liquid-state fermented products produced by the fungal strain Alternaria alstroemeriae Km2286 isolated from the medicinal herb Atriplex maximowicziana Makino. Chromatographic separation resulted in the isolation of compounds 1-9, including four undescribed perylenequinones. Compound 1-6 exhibited antiviral activities against Epstein-Barr virus and compounds 1-4, 6, and 7 showed inhibitory activity of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-induced microglial BV-2 cells without significant cytotoxicity. This is the first report of perylenequinone-type compounds with potent anti-EBV and anti-neuroinflammatory activities.