Synthesis, nonlinear optical properties, photophysical, and theoretical studies of azo dye bearing coumarin-thiophene

In this study, three azo dyes bearing coumarin thiophene (6a-c) were synthesized, and their photophysical properties were studied via UV-vis spectroscopy in various solvents. Acidochromic properties were also investigated in DMSO/H2O, and all products showed acidochromic properties. The reversibility studies were carried out to investigate the reusability of the prepared compounds. Furthermore, products 6a-c were also investigated for their potential use as hydroxide sensors. The electric field-induced second harmonic generation (EFISH) technique was used to measure the second-order nonlinear optical properties. The thermal properties of the prepared compounds were investigated via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results showed that the samples are thermally stable up to around 200 degrees C. The protonation of the compounds and their nonlinear optical (NLO) properties were investigated in the framework of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. (c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

Three azo dyes bearing coumarin thiophene were synthesized and their photophysical properties were studied in various solvents using UV-vis spectroscopy. Acidochromic properties were observed in DMSO/H2O for all products. Reversibility studies were conducted to assess the reusability of the synthesized compounds, which were also investigated for their potential use as hydroxide sensors. Electric field-induced second harmonic generation (EFISH) technique was employed to measure their second-order nonlinear optical properties. Thermal stability was confirmed up to approximately 200 degrees C via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Protonation and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties were investigated using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations.