Journal
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
Volume 95, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28296
Keywords
coronavirus; disease control; SARS coronavirus; virus classification; vaccines; vaccine strains
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This study aimed to evaluate the effect of maternal COVID-19 vaccines before pregnancy on infants. The results showed that infants born to mothers who received 3 doses of the COVID-19 vaccine before pregnancy had significantly higher levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, which were transferred to newborns via the placenta. Furthermore, the antibody levels in infants vaccinated with 3 doses decreased significantly with age but remained higher than those in infants vaccinated with 2 doses of the COVID-19 vaccine.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine generates functional antibodies in maternal circulation that are detectable in infants, while the information is restricted to the usage of COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of maternal COVID-19 vaccines before pregnancy. Infants were included from mothers with no inactivated COVID-19 vaccine, 1-, 2-, and 3-dose before pregnancy, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies were tested. Comparative analysis was done between the groups. A total of 130 infants were enrolled in the study. Significantly higher levels of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in infants born to mothers with 3-dose COVID-19 vaccine before pregnancy compared with 1- and 2-dose groups (p < 0.0001). The levels of antibodies decreased significantly with age in infants born to mothers with the 3-dose COVID-19 vaccine before pregnancy (r = -0.338, p = 0.035), and it was still higher than that 2-dose COVID-19 vaccine group. The maternal SARS-CoV-2 antibodies produced from the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine before pregnancy can be transferred to newborns via the placenta. Maternal immunization with 3-dose of the COVID-19 vaccine before pregnancy could be more beneficial for both mothers and infants.
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