Electro-magnetohydrodynamics hybrid nanofluid flow with gold and magnesium oxide nanoparticles through vertical parallel plates

The hybrid nanofluid flow under suspension of Gold and Magnesium oxide nanoparticles (Au/MgO-NPs) propagating between vertical parallel plates is investigated. Sodium alginate third-grade non-Newtonian fluid is used as the base fluid. The effect of electro-magnetohydrodynamics is also taken into account. The energy equation also includes the effect of Joule heating and viscous dissipation. Due to the nonlinear nature of the formulated differential equations, perturbation strategy is utilized to acquire the analytical solutions. Discussion and plotting are presented with respect to most significant parameters. It is analyzed that the rate of heat transfer is dramatically increased, and this is owing to an increase in the thermal conductivity of the fluid due to hybrid nanofluid. With increment in buoyancy convection parameter and electric field parameter, the flow is accelerated. It is also noted that the temperature is boosted with increasing nanoparticle volume fraction of both magnesium oxide and gold nanoparticles. A comparison with previously studied results is also included. The applications of the work include novel thermal duct processing technologies in biomedical, nuclear and process engineering.

Automated summary

In this study, the flow of hybrid nanofluid between vertical parallel plates was investigated, taking into account the effect of electro-magnetohydrodynamics. Perturbation strategy was used to obtain analytical solutions for the nonlinear differential equations. The analysis showed that the rate of heat transfer was significantly increased due to the higher thermal conductivity of the hybrid nanofluid. The flow was found to be accelerated with increased buoyancy convection and electric field parameters. The study also highlighted the importance of the nanoparticle volume fraction in affecting the temperature. Comparisons with previous studies were also made. This work has significant applications in biomedical, nuclear, and process engineering for novel thermal duct processing technologies.