Journal
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
Volume 40, Issue 24, Pages 7869-7878Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2022.3206430
Keywords
Fully-digitized module; inverse design; mode generator; optical circulator; phase change material
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [60907003, 61805278, 12272407, 62275269, 62275271]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2018M633704]
- Foundation of NUDT [JC13-02-13, ZK17-03-01]
- Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China [13JJ3001]
- Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University [NCET-12-0142]
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Based on the novel concept of a fully-digitized module, a nonvolatile reconfigurable mode generator and an optical circulator were designed using a forward-designed-assisted inverse design method. The simulation results show that these devices can achieve low insertion losses and low crosstalk within a specific wavelength range, and can be extended to an arbitrary number of ports.
Based on the novel concept of a fully-digitized module, we employ a forward-designed-assisted inverse design method to design a nonvolatile reconfigurable mode generator and an optical circulator, assisted with a phase change material. The mode generator can selectively output different modes. The fundamental transverse electric (TE0) or TE1 modes can be selectively generated when the TE0 mode is launched in the input port. The mode generator with an effective footprint of 2.4 mu m x 16 mu m exhibits the simulated insertion losses of less than 1.0 dB and the simulated crosstalks of lower than -19.0 dB for both the TE0 and TE1 modes from 1540 nm to 1560 nm. The optical circulator enables the light unidirectional propagation. Photons can be precisely routed from each input port to one adjacent output port in clockwise or counterclockwise directions. The simulated results indicate that the circulator with an effective footprint of 24 mu m x 24 mu m, can provide both the simulated insertion losses of less than 0.8 dB and the simulated crosstalks of lower than -16.3 dB from 1540 nm to 1560 nm in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions. The fabrication tolerances caused by the expansion or contraction of the etched pattern contour are also investigated. In principle, the proposed frameworks can be extended to an arbitrary number of ports for designing mode generators and optical circulators.
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