Study on the quality and symbiotic microbial composition of Artemia nauplii in three main producing areas

Artemia nauplii are high-quality biological feed for aquatic animal breeding, and its quality determines the effectiveness of breeding. The aim of this study was to explore the quality and symbiotic microbial composition of nauplii in different areas. The dormant eggs of Artemia nauplii from Kulundan Lake in Russia, Aibi Lake in Xinjiang, and salt fields in Bohai Bay were selected for incubation, and the relevant indicators of the 29 h incubation period were recorded. A high-throughput sequencing platform was used to analyze the microbial structure of symbiotic bacteria in nauplii between treatments. The PICRUSt2 was used to precalculated the predicted genes and their functions. The hatching rate of Artemia per thousand eggs in Kulundan Lake, Aibi Lake and Bohai Bay was 91.2%, 87.8% and 75.9%, respectively. The Alpha and Beta diversity analysis showed that the richness and evenness of Artemia nauplii in Kulundan Lake were higher than that of in Bohai Bay. At phylum level, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota were the dominant symbiotic bacteria of nauplii. But at the genus level, the dominant species of the symbiotic bacteria of nauplii were Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Exiguobacterium. The hatching rate and the abundance of symbiotic bacteria of Artemia nauplii from Kulundan Lake were better than the other two areas. This research might provide a theoretical guidance for the symbiotic bacteria of Artemia nauplii to regulate the feeding health of aquatic animal seedlings, reduce the occurrence of diseases and purify water quality.

Automated summary

This study aimed to explore the quality and symbiotic microbial composition of Artemia nauplii in different areas. The hatching rate and symbiotic bacteria abundance of Artemia nauplii from Kulundan Lake were better than those from the other two areas. The research provides theoretical guidance for the regulation of symbiotic bacteria of Artemia nauplii to improve the feeding health of aquatic animal seedlings, reduce the occurrence of diseases, and purify water quality.