4.7 Article

Human type I IFN deficiency does not impair B cell response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination

Journal

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
Volume 220, Issue 1, Pages -

Publisher

ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220258

Keywords

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Funding

  1. Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
  2. Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale (MEMO-COV-2-FRM)
  3. Fondation Princesse Grace
  4. CAPNET (Comite ad-hoc de pilotage national des essais therapeutiques et autres recherches, French government)
  5. MEMO-COV-2
  6. ANR under Investissements d'avenir program [ANR-21-RHUS-0008]
  7. Institut Pasteur, Urgence COVID-19 Fundraising Campaign of Institut Pasteur
  8. Poste d'Accueil from INSERM
  9. Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le Sida et les Hepatites Virales (ANRS)
  10. Societe Nationale de Medecine Interne fellowship
  11. Howard Hughes Medical Institute
  12. Rockefeller University
  13. St. Giles Foundation
  14. National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R01AI088364, R01AI163029]
  15. National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH Clinical and Translational Science Award program [UL1TR001866]
  16. Fisher Center for Alzheimer's Research Foundation
  17. Meyer Foundation
  18. JPB Foundation
  19. ANR under the Investments for the Future program [ANR-10-IAHU-01]
  20. Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratory of Excellence [ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID]
  21. French Foundation for Medical Research [EQU201903007798]
  22. ANRS Nord-Sud [ANRS-COV05]
  23. ANR grant GENVIR [ANR-20-CE93-003]
  24. ANR-RHU program [ANR-21-RHUS-08]
  25. European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program [824110]
  26. HORIZON-HLTH-2021-DISEASE-04 program [01057100]
  27. Square Foundation
  28. Grandir - Fonds de solidarite pour l'enfance
  29. SCOR Corporate Foundation for Science
  30. Fondation du Souffle
  31. French Ministry of Higher Education, Research, and Innovation [MESRI-COVID-19]
  32. INSERM
  33. REACTing-INSERM
  34. University of Paris Cite
  35. Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale [EA20170638020]
  36. MD-PhD program of the Imagine Institute (Fondation Bettencourt Schueller)
  37. CSL Behring Chair of Primary Immunodeficiencies
  38. Katholieke Universiteit Leuven C1 Grant [C16/18/007]
  39. VIB GC PID Grant
  40. FWO [G0C8517N, G0B5120N, G0E8420N]
  41. Jeffrey Modell Foundation
  42. European Research Council ERC [MORE2ADA2]
  43. National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia [1176665]
  44. Allergy and Immunology Foundation of Australia
  45. John Brown Cook Foundation
  46. Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-21-RHUS-0008] Funding Source: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)

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Intact B cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines were observed in patients with genetic or acquired type I IFN deficiencies, indicating that type I IFNs induced by mRNA vaccines are not necessary for vaccine efficacy. This study suggests that the generation of a humoral response against SARS-CoV-2 by mRNA vaccines does not require the induction of type I IFN.
Intact B cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in patients with genetic or acquired type I IFN deficiencies suggest that type I IFNs induced by mRNA vaccines are not required for vaccine efficacy. Inborn and acquired deficits of type I interferon (IFN) immunity predispose to life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. We longitudinally profiled the B cell response to mRNA vaccination in SARS-CoV-2 naive patients with inherited TLR7, IRF7, or IFNAR1 deficiency, as well as young patients with autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs due to autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type-1 (APS-1) and older individuals with age-associated autoantibodies to type I IFNs. The receptor-binding domain spike protein (RBD)-specific memory B cell response in all patients was quantitatively and qualitatively similar to healthy donors. Sustained germinal center responses led to accumulation of somatic hypermutations in immunoglobulin heavy chain genes. The amplitude and duration of, and viral neutralization by, RBD-specific IgG serological response were also largely unaffected by TLR7, IRF7, or IFNAR1 deficiencies up to 7 mo after vaccination in all patients. These results suggest that induction of type I IFN is not required for efficient generation of a humoral response against SARS-CoV-2 by mRNA vaccines.

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