Multi epitope vaccine candidate design against Streptococcus pneumonia

Streptococcus pneumonia, the causative agent of sepsis, meningitis and pneumonia, is held responsible for causing invasive diseases predominantly in children along with adults from both developing and developed countries. The available vaccines coverage in the context of different serotypes is limited and emergence of non-vaccine serotypes could further emerge as a threat in future. Advanced immunoinformatics tools have been used for developing a multi epitope subunit vaccine. In the current study we have subjected these four surface antigenic proteins Ply, PsaA, PspA and PspK to construct vaccine designs. We have predicted different B-cell and T-cell epitopes by using NetCTL 1.2, IEDB (Immune Epitope Databases) and ABCpred. An adjuvant (griselimycin) has been added to the vaccine construct sequence in order to improve its immunogenicity. The vaccine construct has been evaluated for its antigenicity, allergenicity, toxicity and different physio-chemical properties. The bioinformatic tools have been used for prediction, refinement and validation of the 3 D structure. Further, the vaccine structure has been docked with a toll-like receptor (TLR-4) by ClusPro 2.0. In conclusion, the proposed multi-epitope vaccine designs could potentially activate both humoral and cellular immune responses and has a potential to be a vaccine candidate against S.pneumoniae, and requires experimental validation for ensuring immunogenicity and safety profile.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

Automated summary

This study developed a multi-epitope subunit vaccine using advanced immunoinformatics tools against Streptococcus pneumonia, the causative agent of sepsis, meningitis, and pneumonia. B-cell and T-cell epitopes were predicted and the vaccine design was validated and optimized using bioinformatic tools. The proposed vaccine designs have the potential to activate both humoral and cellular immune responses, making them a candidate for a S.pneumoniae vaccine, but further experimental validation is required to ensure immunogenicity and safety.