Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
Volume 376, Issue -, Pages 49-53Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.01.060
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This study aimed to describe the incidence, demographic and risk factors, and therapy of systemic hypertension in neonates. The retrospective analysis found an incidence of 0.6% and a higher mortality rate among hypertensive patients. The majority of hypertensive neonates received antihypertensive medications, with hydralazine being the most prescribed agent.
Background: The definition of systemic hypertension in the neonatal population remains elusive given the variability of normative blood pressure measurements. Inadequate literature exists about incidence, therapy and long-term management of systemic hypertension in neonates. We aimed to describe the current incidence of neonatal systemic hypertension, differences in demographic and risk factors data.Methods: Retrospective cohort of neonates (<= 28 days) admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit participating in Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) between Jan 2010 and December 2020 with an ICD 9/10 code for hypertension. Patients were excluded if they had congenital heart disease lesions that might contribute to systemic hypertension or had incomplete data.Results: There were a total of 2494 hypertensive patients among the 432,367 NICU patients meeting the study inclusion criteria, with an incidence of 0.6%. Patients with hypertension were significantly more likely to die before discharge compared to patients without HTN (8.4% versus 3.8%, respectively, p < 0.001). Of the 2494, 52.8% received at least one antihypertensive agent, with hydralazine being the most prescribed agent (29.7%).Conclusion: Diagnosis of Systemic hypertension continues to increase in the neonatal population, despite absence of well-defined criteria necessitating targeted medical management. A consensus guideline which addresses this very important condition is beneficial.
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