Journal
IMMUNITY
Volume 55, Issue 12, Pages 2300-+Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.11.003
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Funding
- SickKids Foundation
- March of Dimes Basil O'Connor Starter Scholar Research Award
- University of Toronto's Medicine by Design Initiative
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) [PJT 155923]
- Natural Science Research Council of Canada (NSERC) [RGPIN-2016-06093]
- CIHR [MOP-89894, IOP-92890]
- SickKids Restracomp and Ontario Graduate fellowships
- Banting fellowship from NSERC
- Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education [2017R1A6A3A03004385]
- University of Toronto's Medicine by Design postdoctoral fellowships
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2017R1A6A3A03004385] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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This study found that early microbial exposure and disruption of this process can impact intestinal stem cell development, with impaired differentiation observed upon antibiotic treatment. Intestinal macrophages were found to secrete specific proteins that maintain the microenvironment crucial for stem cell differentiation. Antibiotic use and reduced numbers of Paneth cells were associated with the deadly disease necrotizing enterocolitis.
Intestinal stem cell maturation and development coincide with gut microbiota exposure after birth. Here, we investigated how early life microbial exposure, and disruption of this process, impacts the intestinal stem cell niche and development. Single-cell transcriptional analysis revealed impaired stem cell differentiation into Paneth cells and macrophage specification upon antibiotic treatment in early life. Mouse genetic and organoid co-culture experiments demonstrated that a CD206+ subset of intestinal macrophages secreted Wnt ligands, which maintained the mesenchymal niche cells important for Paneth cell differentiation. Antibiotics and reduced numbers of Paneth cells are associated with the deadly infant disease, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). We showed that colonization with Lactobacillus or transfer of CD206+ macrophages promoted Paneth cell differentiation and reduced NEC severity. Together, our work defines the gut microbiota-mediated regulation of stem cell niches during early postnatal development.
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