Deciding with Others: Interdependent Decision-Making

Over the course of human life, health care decision-making is often interdependent. In this article, we use interdependence to refer to patients' engagement of nonclinicians-for example, family members or trusted friends-to reach health care decisions. Interdependence, we suggest, is common for patients in all stages of life, from early childhood to late adulthood. This view contrasts with the common bioethical assumption that medical decisions are either wholly independent or dependent and that independence or dependence is tightly coupled with a person's decision-making capacity. In this article, we array various approaches to decision-making along a continuum of interdependence. An appreciation of this continuum can empower patients and elucidate ethical challenges that arise when people transition between different kinds of interdependence across the life span.

Automated summary

In the course of human life, health care decision-making is often interdependent, with patients engaging nonclinicians in reaching decisions. This interdependence is common in all stages of life and is closely related to decision-making capacity. The article presents various approaches to decision-making along a continuum of interdependence and explores the ethical challenges that arise when transitioning between different types of interdependence across the life span.