A novel Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) bone collagen peptide delays osteoarthritis development by inhibiting cartilage matrix degradation and anti-inflammatory

Nowadays, the biological activity of collagen peptides has been revealed, but the effect of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) bone-derived collagen peptide (CPs) on osteoarthritis remains unclear. In this study, CPs was identified as a small molecular weight peptide rich in Gly-X-Y structure. Meanwhile, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta)-induced hypertro-phic chondrocytes and partial medial meniscectomy (pMMx) surgery model in rats were performed. In IL-1 beta stimulated chondrocytes, CPs significantly increased the type-II collagen content, reduced the type-X collagen abundance and chondrocytes apoptosis. Meanwhile, CPs reversed the increased expression of matrix metal-loproteinase, metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs and RUNX family transcription factor 2 in chon-drocytes induced by IL-1 beta. In vivo, CPs increased pain tolerance of rats and without organ toxicity at 1.6 g/kg.bw. CPs significantly decreased the levels of COMP and Helix-II in serum. Furthermore, a significant decrease of IL-1 beta in synovial fluid and cartilage tissue were observed by CPs intervention. From Micro-CT, CPs (0.8 g/kg.bw) significantly decreased Tb.sp and SMI value. Meanwhile, the expression of tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6 were reduced by CPs administration both in vitro and in vivo. Together, CPs showed potential to be a novel and safe dietary supplement for helping anti-inflammatory and cartilage regeneration, ultimately hindering osteo-arthritis development. However, the clear mechanism of CPs's positive effect on osteoarthritis needs to be further explored.

Automated summary

This study revealed that Atlantic salmon bone-derived collagen peptide (CPs) has potential in inhibiting osteoarthritis development and promoting anti-inflammatory and cartilage regeneration effects. CPs can reduce the expression of inflammatory factors, decrease chondrocytes apoptosis, and has good biocompatibility. However, further research is needed to explore the mechanism of CPs' positive effect on osteoarthritis.