Journal
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 131, Issue -, Pages 1173-1181Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.11.007
Keywords
Clostridium butyricum; Ammonia challenge; Antioxidant capacity; Heat -shock protein; Macrobrachium rosenbergii
Funding
- Project of National Key R&D Program of China [2019YFD0900200]
- China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA [CARS-48]
- Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund, CAFS [2020TD59]
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The use of C. butyricum in crustacean aquaculture improves the growth performance and biochemical and antioxidant features of shrimp, and activates the toll signal pathway under ammonia challenge.
The use of Clostridium butyricum in crustacean aquaculture for anti-abiotic stress is yet unknown. Feeds were formulated containing 0, 125, 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg Clostridium butyricum (2 x 107 CFU/g), respectively. The giant freshwater prawns (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) were fed for 8 weeks in triplicate. The results showed that C. butyricum-supplemented groups improved growth performance significantly with the optimum level at 610 mg/kg. Ammonia stress reduced hemolymph glucose, total protein, total cholesterol, and triglyceride con-centrations while dietary C. butyricum significantly increased hemolymph glucose and total protein levels after the ammonia challenge. Ammonia stress increased inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) levels, and the treatments supplemented with C. butyricum had considerably enhanced levels of iNOS and NO after stress. Treatment with C. butyricum increased the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and decreased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide anion, with the 125 mg/kg treated groups having the extreme value. Furthermore, C. butyricum-treated groups reduced the expression of HSPs after ammonia stress while the ammonia stress induced the expression of HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90. Dietary C. butyricum elevated the expression of peroxiredoxin-5 and toll in response to ammonia stress. The results indicate that dietary supple-mentation with 125-500 mg/kg of C. butyricum (2 x 107 CFU/g) improved biochemical and antioxidant features as well as intestinal immunity of M. rosenbergii under ammonia challenge by activating the toll signal pathway.
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