Journal
ENERGY
Volume 263, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.125577
Keywords
Building sensors; Cost analysis; Cost effectiveness; Threshold marginal cost; Building fault detection and diagnostics; Fault prevalence
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This paper presents a sensor cost analysis workflow to quantify the economic implications of installing new sensors for data-driven building fault detection and diagnostics (FDD). A case study using Oak Ridge National Laboratory's test facility demonstrates the feasibility of the analysis and highlights key cost considerations in sensor selection for FDD.
Data-driven building fault detection and diagnostics (FDD) is heavily dependent on sensors. However, common sensors from Building Automation Systems are not optimized to maximize accuracy in FDD. Installing additional sensors that provide more detailed building system information is key to maximizing the performance of FDD solutions. In this paper, we present a sensor cost analysis workflow to quantify the economic implications of installing new sensors for FDD using the concept of sensor threshold marginal cost (STMC). STMC does not represent actual sensor cost. Rather, it represents a target cost based on the economic benefit that would be realized through improved FDD performance and one or more specified economic criteria. We calculate STMCs for multiple possible fault types and use fault prevalence information to aggregate STMCs into a single dollar value to determine the cost-effectiveness of a potential sensor investment. We conducted a case study using Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Flexible Research Platform (FRP) test facility as a reference. The case study dem-onstrates the feasibility of the analysis and highlights the key cost considerations in sensor selection for FDD. The results also indicate that identifying and installing the few key sensor(s) is critical to cost-effectively improve FDD performance.
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