Genotypic selection of pre-cultivars of carioca and early carioca beans for the Agreste-Sertao of Pernambuco, Brazil

Genotype x environment interactions represent a major challenge in identifying and selecting genotypes responsive to different climate and soil conditions. This research evaluated and selected pre-cultivars of carioca bean and early carioca bean based on adaptability, stability, and grain yield. In the 2014 crop season, two regional competition trials were conducted in the state of Pernambuco: carioca beans (14 genotypes in Arcoverde, Belem de Sao Francisco, Caruaru and Sao Joao) and early carioca beans (11 genotypes in Araripina, Arcoverde, and Caruaru) and, in the 2015 crop season, with early carioca beans (11 genotypes in Araripina, Arcoverde, and Brejao). Parameters were estimated by mixed models, and the selection was performed using the Harmonic Mean of Relative Performance of Genetic Values (HMRPGV) method following three strategies: i) selection based on predicted genetic value with no interaction; ii) selection according to predicted genetic value considering each location; and iii) simultaneous selection for grain yield, adaptability, and stability. The environments influenced the phenotypic expression of the carioca and early carioca bean genotypes, representing a specific adaptation. The genotypes BRS Notavel, BRS Estilo and BRS Perola, of carioca beans, and CNFC 15875, BRS Notavel and CNFC 15630, of early carioca beans, had the best results in the environments tested, regarding, simultaneously, adaptability to different soil and climate conditions, performance stability, and grain yield.

Automated summary

Genotype x environment interactions pose challenges in selecting genotypes suitable for different climate and soil conditions. This study evaluated and selected pre-cultivars of carioca bean and early carioca bean based on adaptability, stability, and grain yield. The results showed that the environments influenced the phenotypic expression of the genotypes, but certain genotypes exhibited adaptability and stability across different environments.