Journal
CHEMOSPHERE
Volume 308, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136382
Keywords
Antioxidant enzyme; Acetylcholinesterase; Ionizable pharmaceutical; Oxidative stress; Toxicity biomarker
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic [LM2018099, CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000869 PROFISH]
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This study examined the environmental contamination of DPH and its biochemical effects on signal crayfish. The results showed that high, short-term DPH exposure induced oxidative stress in crayfish, with the muscles being the most affected tissue.
Diphenhydramine (DPH) is a pharmaceutical with multiple modes of action, primarily designed as an antihistamine therapeutic drug. Among antihistamines, DPH is a significant contaminant in the environment, frequently detected in surface waters, sediments, and tissues of aquatic biota. In the present study, signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus was used as a model organism because of their prominent ecological roles in freshwater ecosystems. The biochemical effects were investigated in crayfish exposed to the environmental (low: 2 mu g L-1), ten times elevated (medium: 20 mu g L-1), and the sublethal (high: 200 mu g L-1) nominal concentrations of DPH in water for 96 h. Lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activities, and acetylcholinesterase activity were assessed as toxicological biomarkers in crayfish hepatopancreas, gills, and muscles. Low and medium DPH exposure caused imbalances only in glutathione-like enzyme activities. Integrated biomarker response showed the absolute DPH toxicity effects on all tested tissues under high exposure. This study identified that high, short-term DPH exposure induced oxidative stress in crayfish on multiple tissue levels, with the most considerable extent in muscles.
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