Journal
CHEMISTRY-AN ASIAN JOURNAL
Volume 18, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201024
Keywords
Aqueous electrolytes; Electrochemical stability window; Solubility limit; Temperature stability window; Redox flow batteries
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Redox flow batteries have the potential to integrate intermittent renewable energy on a large scale. Recent developments in electrolyte design have overcome the thermodynamic restrictions of aqueous electrolytes, leading to improved energy storage and adaptability to different climates.
Redox flow batteries (RFBs) represent a promising approach to enabling the widespread integration of intermittent renewable energy. Rapid developments in RFB materials and electrolyte chemistries are needed to meet the cost and performance targets. In this review, special emphasis is given to the recent advances how electrolyte design could circumvent the main thermodynamic restrictions of aqueous electrolytes. The recent success of aqueous electrolyte chemistries has been demonstrated by extending the electrochemical stability window of water beyond the thermodynamic limit, the operating temperature window beyond the thermodynamic freezing temperature of water and crystallization of redox-active materials, and the aqueous solubility beyond the thermodynamic solubility limit. They would open new avenues towards enhanced energy storage and all-climate adaptability. Depending on the constituent, concentration and condition of electrolytes, the performance gain has been correlated to the specific solvation environment, interactions among species and ion association at a molecular level.
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