Enantioselective Synthesis of Spiro Heterocyclic Compounds Using a Combination of Organocatalysis and Transition-Metal Catalysis

Over the last ten years, the combination of organocatalysis with transition metal (TM) catalysis has become one of the most important toolboxes used for synthesizing optically pure compounds containing chiral quaternary centers, including spiro heterocyclic molecules. The dominant method in the enantioselective synthesis of spiro heterocyclic compounds based on synergistic catalysis includes chiral aminocatalysis and NHC catalysis, as already established covalent organocatalytic strategies. Another area of organocatalysis widely combined with TM catalysis producing enantiomerically enriched spiro heterocyclic compounds is non-covalent catalysis, dominated by chiral phosphoric acids, thiourea, and squaramide derivatives. This review article aims to summarize enantioselective methods used for constructing spirocyclic heterocycles based on a combination of organocatalysis and transition metal catalysis.

Automated summary

Over the past decade, the combination of organocatalysis and transition metal catalysis has become an important tool for synthesizing optically pure compounds with chiral quaternary centers, including spiro heterocyclic molecules. The dominant methods in enantioselective synthesis of spiro heterocyclic compounds involve chiral aminocatalysis, NHC catalysis, as well as non-covalent catalysis using chiral phosphoric acids, thiourea, and squaramide derivatives. This review article provides a summary of enantioselective methods for constructing spirocyclic heterocycles using a combination of organocatalysis and transition metal catalysis.