Journal
CEREBRAL CORTEX
Volume 33, Issue 10, Pages 5968-5980Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac475
Keywords
schema; hippocampus; vmPFC; rapid cortical learning; representational similarity analysis
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The study found that reactivating schema representations in the brain during the learning of new object-scene associations can enhance memory performance. This reactivation only affects associative memory performance in consistent schema conditions and increases functional connectivity between specific brain regions.
Schemas provide a scaffold onto which we can integrate new memories. Previous research has investigated the brain activity and connectivity underlying schema-related memory formation. However, how schemas are represented and reactivated in the brain, in order to enhance memory, remains unclear. To address this issue, we used an object-location spatial schema that was learned over multiple sessions, combined with similarity analyses of neural representations, to investigate the reactivation of schema representations of object-location memories when a new object-scene association is learned. In addition, we investigated how this reactivation affects subsequent memory performance under different strengths of schemas. We found that reactivation of a schema representation in the lateral occipital cortex (LOC) during object-scene encoding affected subsequent associative memory performance only in the schema-consistent condition and increased the functional connectivity between the LOC and the parahippocampal place area. Taken together, our findings provide new insight into how schema acts as a scaffold to support the integration of novel information into existing cortical networks and suggest a neural basis for schema-induced rapid cortical learning.
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