A morphological analysis of Syzygium, with a focus on fibre bundles and description of a new subgenus

Syzygium is a large genus (1200-1500 species) of Old World tropical trees, currently divided into five subgenera containing widely different numbers of species. Syzygium subgenus Perikion was defined by the presence of fibre bundles in the hypanthium wall, although until now this feature has not been investigated or images published. Furthermore, discovery of fibre bundles in certain species outside Syzygium subgenus Perikion calls for reassessment of the subgenus. In this paper, a morphological analysis is presented for all species previously associated with Syzygium subgenus Perikion or known to have fibre bundles. Results indicate the need for description of a new subgenus, Syzygium subgenus Oborapi, characterized by a distinctly goblet-shaped calyx, presence of fibre bundles in the hypanthium/mesocarp, prominent black lenticels on the abaxial leaf surface, ascending ovule orientation and species diversity centred on the Sunda Shelf. Fibre bundles are photographed and documented for the first time from a range of species and at different magnifications. A preliminary list of species is presented for Syzygium subgenus Perikion and Syzygium subgenus Oborapi, with recommendations for further investigation.

Automated summary

A morphological analysis was conducted to reassess the subgenus Perikion of the large genus Syzygium. Results revealed the need for the description of a new subgenus, Oborapi, characterized by distinct calyx shape, presence of fibre bundles, black lenticels on leaf surface, ascending ovule orientation, and species diversity on the Sunda Shelf. The study also documented and photographed fibre bundles for the first time in a range of species, providing a preliminary species list and recommendations for further investigation.